DIGESTION. 
other, are lubricated by the mucous fecretions of the 
For further obfervations on the aGtion of the Romach, on 
eal an on its fympathies with othcr organs, &c. See 
Stomac 
Chylification. 
Th he chen: taneg _ the firft degree of affimila- 
odenum 1, and there 
of nutrit: on, t the grofs refidue ; 
latter part is only fit to be ex speed and the action of the 
inteft nes ohne i rae J m it ag nutritive fluid, in 
feparating the excrementitious pane an forming a 
mild, white, emule, highly sataee ea which is 
to be abforbed hy the laGteals ard conveyed by them into the 
circulating {yftem We may indeed affirm, Gree contend 
of digeft fifts in the feparation of the nutritive fubftance 
into two parts, an excrementitious an a chylo us portion, 
that the duodenum, in which that feparation i 48 effeéte » 18 
n of the 
fh 
thing but a foft’ omogeneous pap 5 t 
that organ never contain, like tho fe of the inteftines, true 
oT The duodenum in truth, be regarded as a fe- 
ond ftomac 
mall inte it ne by being fituated externally to the peritoneum, 
its magnitude, by its fixed curves, large number of valvulse 
conniventes and laGteals; and particularly by its receiving the 
‘terminations of the pancreatic and biliary dus. All thefe 
peculiarities retard the courfe of the amicus fubftance, 
and prolong the term of its expofure to the aGtion of the 
laft- mentioned fluids. 
e-irritation of the chyme in the duodenum is tranfmit- 
sted to the liver and gail-b ladder, and induces an increafed 
flow ot hepatic and cyflic bile diluted by the fluid of the 
pancress, which- oly lp ba in the general irrita~ 
stion and increafed fecretion of a e ga aftric organs. 
roixed pancreatico-biliary fluid, poured on the chymous 
ma(s, penetrates, dilutes, and animalizes it ; feparates the 
chyle from the excrementitious part, and ‘precipitates from 
it whatever is not nutritious. In this procefs the bile ifelf 
2h 
wn 
mentary tube 
and faline portions mixed with the chyle, and being abforbed 
with it, re enter the circulating fyftem. In fa&, the con- 
tents of the fmall inteftine exhib't two very diftin& fub- 
itances after the admixture of the — biliary fluid ; 
-one is a whitifh milky matter, found a urface, and 
adhering to the inteltine ; the other, more cand is yel- 
owifh: and when lar pte 13 sale oo contains no 
‘traces of the nature o rther account of 
the pancreatic a biliary fluids will be ind under Pan- 
-CREAS, Live 
There is pro obably another fluid, befides thofe now enu- 
merated, concerned in the aie of chylification; a fe- 
cretion from the villous coat of the inteftines, fuppofe dt o be 
‘analogous to a of the ton and named fuccus sniofinal, 
There mult a 
isles of sa inteftinal fluid is mere matter of oo 
derived from analogy and conjeCture, and unfupported by 
diredt ex one and obfervation, — the very ane 
the Spee ape: entirely to preclu 
of the inteflines is not conned to a change 
‘in the pee and phylical qualities of the food; it affects 
alfo their internal chem‘cal prop-rties. 
The developement 
ofa 
gelatino-mucus ee the formation of aes falts, 
pees 
io} 
3 
tinges the chvle of a bl ue olour Te 
milk are afleeied by the eleu. Sor tafie, or medicinal 
qualities of rhubarb, feammony, viclets, and other vegetable 
‘matters. The fat of fowls becomes infeed with the Tmell 
of garlic; the fichh of fome birds is purgative, when they 
feed on particular vegetables 5 3 sited os fifhy taite of fuch as 
ufe fith for their food, is wel 
f the effet produced by ce Gacetiness in the funétion 
affimilation, we ma as we did of that fhare of 
feffes a fpecific chara&ter derived entirely from the proper- 
ties of life. Hence the mixture of faliva, gaftric juice, bile, 
and pancreatic liquor, with the food, out of the body, would 
never form chyle, nor avy thing like it. 
Adion of the fnall Inteftine. 
The sya Sater feparated in the duodenum, in the 
manner en ed, inte two portio 
iqucoty na iliu 
tures of cw cana, which fome phy ane 
gifts, aa a ina poste ftrain, have compared to 
windin a ftream enriching the foil abe ey it 
eid. Thete retain the aliment, i or hat the 
chyle, exprefled by the perittaltic contraction of ole sitellines 
may be repeatedly prefented to the 1 pa orifices of the 
the furface of 
e of ce inteflinal con- 
tents is not only retaided by thefe Sane ; but, as the 
contraGtion of the tube forces them into the alimentary 
mafs, the lacteals ne be faid to feek in its interior the par- 
ticles fit for abforption. 
Phe number of valves diminifhing with that of the ab- 
forbing veflels, towards the lower part of the canal, the pro- 
grefs of the food is gradually posal hd in proportion as its 
nutritive parts are removed. nteftinal mucus, fecrete 
3 
= 
32 
= 
motion, commencing at once in feveral pointe, and dettroy- 
on the inteftinal curves in thofe parts, by converting them 
into ftraight lines. The portions immediately acjoiuing the 
contracted parts are dilated by the fluid impelled into them, 
and contract in their turn. The motion from above down- 
i , fo as to urge the refidue of the chyme, 
tive parts, into arge inte Thec of the pe 
ftaltic motion, which is obferved i in the ane fibres . the 
intellane, 
