DIP 
—. feience by J. C. Gatterer, in a “6 Abrifs der 
ee Ky Goettingen, 1798, 8vo. and b 
em his * Prolufio de ane ante diplomaticse 
pradiice regundis,”” and in his © Verfuch eines vollitzndigen 
Syftems” der rial befonders z!tern Diplomatik.’? 
Goettingen, 1802 
DI PIA, in we is double vifion ; from gas 
double, and clis, vifion. (See the articles Eye, Sic and 
Vision.) Perfons Teed with this rare difeafe will pees 
“5 
objeéts double, treble, or otherwife multiplied, w ey 
lcok at them with both eyes; but they si ge eprally . 
them fingle, when viewed with only one Som 
h 
fees both equally diftiné, fo that he cannot ei ie real 
fituation of the objeé by the fenfe of fi 
soos eer is pepsi uenporry, ad of fhort dura- 
; but fom s permanent, and even periodical. 
ie etimes the serene ee Jouble, oan after he has exerted 
is eyes. 
The caufes a double ae may be diftinguifhed into four 
n the firft, the obje& produces a double {pectrum 
fourth clafs, the eae - ee ’ bee when he ufes a 
fingle eye, as when o it arifes from 
caufes of the oo ad ‘third late, fe ony ea double when 
he ufes both eyes at once; and when he fhuts the one, he 
fees objecis perfettly caval that is, fingle, with the other. 
he principal ane of the fiift clafs are: x, an un- 
evennefs of the cornea, which is divided into two or mor 
convex furfaces ; Od, an unevennels ¢ c * the anterior eo o 
235 
the cryftalline lens, whic isd feveral te fur- 
es ; 3d, adouble orifice ar iris, or a double hap as it 
istermed. Thefe c ae are incurable. The caufes of the 
fecond clafs are, in pees al, fuch as are rather poffible, than 
that they have actually been obferved. All the defe&s of 
vifion to be mentioned hereafter may fometimes arife only in 
in one eye than in the other; the patie € eye 
myops, and in the other prefbyops 3 in eoceaecuce ae a peu 
liar defeét of vifion, the patients fee every ftraight object as if 
it were crooked ; all which defeéts may give rife to double 
vifion. Ike third el caufe is fquinting. In this dif- 
eafe ke obje@ i ented in both eyes in points not cor- 
relponen with each ue er. Buta perfon that fquints does 
ot fee ubjeéts double, unlefs when he fees equally diftiné 
ae both eyes, and the ftrabifmus does not arife from any 
iligmae 3 of either of the eyes, but from fome other acciden- 
tal ¢ ee 
vifion’ a be € 
int 
caufes of the fourth and moft frequent clafs are the irritations 
which a upon the nerves of the eyes and modify their power 
of a in fuch a mer that o ieee eat operate 
upon them are not reprefented in their efe 
irritationa are foal various kiads, and generally ein upon 
DIP 
the ftate of Ne joni aay they may, however, be produced by 
ath ee ca 
e laft ipecin, the ies a ea ~ ‘a to — 
a remove the ing eca 
feted with double roa in sonleauence vt a froke which ie 
received frem the bough of a tree, was cured by the exter- 
nal ufe of infuf. rad. valerian, with f{pir. vin. posse. 
cafe of double vifion, pro oduced by a violent fright, was cured 
by means of valerian, after cream of tartar had been ufed for 
three days previous to its viftration 5 one ee from 
bilious obftruGtions in the abdum ial vifcera, W 
pills of gam mleecane guaiacum, rhubarb, a _ Venetian foaps 
combined with the ufe ofemetics and purga 
When the irritation is of a — ae "and cas it 
has praee the difeafe, does not continue any longer to 
exift ; or when the difeafe ftill er ee after the irritating 
caufe has been removed, all 
= 
hen the nerves and allay irritation. 
aber waed ufeful in thefe cafes : 
o the han 
fy Aceoe oa the eld e aba ne 
bane "valerian, ipecacuanha in al do fes, ; 
ol. cajeput. In one inftance tar 
and caftoreum ; in another, pulvis ats fel tauri, and 
7 feetida ; and in a sel . {pirit. Mindereri with fel tauri, 
produced the mcft beneficial effe&ts. In general, in all 
cafes, in which we ence pe determine the particu- 
lar caufe of the difeafe, we may fuppofe it to exift im the vif 
cera of the abdomen, and in fuch cales we may often do much 
good by the ufe of remedies that are gently purgative, and 
evacuant, and that allay irritation. 
DIPONDIUS. See Duronni 
cetid. 
rectify it, put it into a clean retort, king care that none of 
it foils the neck of the veflel in dropping it in. ‘Then apply. 
a moderate heat, by which a finer and ca oil will rife, 
and collec i - in a clean — flopping ea Bea as foon 
to drop fo d dark -colour clearer 
oil is to be agaia diftilled with the fam Speech, taking 
only the firft portion, and thus a perfeétly limpid oil is ob- 
tained, the {meil of which, though ftrong and penetrating, is 
{carcely foetid, and which is as fluid as water. It muft b 
preferved, however, i in a dark place or an opaque bottle, = 
the action of che light ia it brown, 
approaching to the ftate of the 
tained. Dhuppel’s oil is a very powerful fudorific in dofes of 
twenty or thirty drops, and it feems to deferve more notice 
as a medicine wk a has acquired, being now nearly difufed, 
See the article 
DIPPER, : Orn logy. See Corumsus m 
DIPPING, in Calico-Printing, a siete aria in 1 dyeing 
blue, in which - the cloth is immerfed or dipped either in a. 
folution of indigo, or of fome abies: cacaiie of acting on: 
ae previoufly applied tothe clot 
peculiar nature of indigo unite it oe = Eupoles = 
aye by the ordinary ane of t 
as we. fhall have occafion o fhew m ore fully hereafter, off Bi 
his oxyge affinity for it are greater, 
it gem Sb in. the pra and aie earths, and in 
this 
