DIPPING. 
in the copperas = rock five or fix times, to detach the loofe 
lime from the 
t the aa ae in the lime, rock the whole time, 
At the fecond, and every fucceeding entry in the copperaa 
vat, rock five or fix times as before, to detach the lime. 
At the ie yy ses Cag in the lime, rock five or fix 
minutes, and n 
fnithing - of the lime, is to keep the 
free from the ruft and incrufation of the 
a which it loofens, a renders more eafy to detach 
ard clean ; with refpe& to raifing the colour, it Ge no 
difference whatever. 
en the piece comes from the copperas vat the fecond 
time into the lime, it will appear a grafs green ot if there 
proper quantity of lime inthe vac. If ttle, the 
piece will appear yellowith, and more lime muit be adde d. 
Take off the pieces quickly after the lat dip, and winch 
them brifkly in the a a minute or two at the molt, 
xt them into the fours, and after winching over twice or 
thrice, let them lie an Naees r two, after w ich winch again 
our or five times, and wath well in the wheel. Hot water 
them, and wheel again before hot fouring, which is done in 
a four of f{pec. gravity 1015, heated to 180°. Winch the 
goods four or five minutes in this, after which wath, hot 
water, &c. and finifh for drying. 
If the goods ot ae too long out of the cold four abe 
ter the lait dip, the oxyd of iron, with 
coated, oxygenates — rapidly, | the cloth boone buff 
ig hat the iron is petenaee 
n t 
of the floating indigo, a 3 them fit for ufe again. 
After every day’s work the fine and copperas vats mult be 
refrethed. 
From 25 to 35 lbs. of fifted lime, according to the fize 
of the vat, and the number of pieces that have been paffed 
through it, muft be added every night. 
o harm can arife from excefs of lime, excepting the 
unnect flary nce of more than is required, and the accu- 
mulation oF fediment or mud in the vat which will foon re- 
"of copperas are generally added for every 
prece of plies that is di This is fufpended at the 
furface in a wicker bafket, and fuffered to remain till all is 
diffolved, It is quite unneceffary to rake up the vat, aa 
the freth additions of copperas will incorporate uniformly 
without flirring, which, by muddying the vat, may do mif- 
chief, — mutt be taken to ufe the hydrometer frequently 
to correé&t any deficiency or excefs ch may arife in the fp. 
gr. ‘i Sain fluion of aay eae of ir 
€ 
ize i. fuperabundant acid of the coppera 
e grafs green Yorkthire copperas is ae beft for this 
pee it seat ae the leaft free acid; the pale whitifh 
green is the worft, and when fuch is ufed it will be proper 
occafionally to how into the vat about one pound of potafh, 
and four or five gallons of muddy lime water. 
it which is different in ae t par 
ao sae SS - = vats fhonld be emptied out, 
wholly nth at leaft. 
"Thee a ie sae are never petoly emptied, but when the 
mud accumulates fo as to be troublefome and endan er the 
fafety of the work by refting on the lower edge of the 
piece, it mu& be taken out with a fcoop or fhovel proper 
for the purpole. 
The ground of thofe goods which fhew much white will 
in general be {ufficiently clear when finifhed according to 
the preceding directions , the white is however gre atly im 
proved by a gentle foaping, ana. one or two days exp: fure 
on the gra ; 
In ge ia haga work nd be produced in the winter 
months than in fummer: in hot weather, the colour is 
liable to be uneven, Stel « aud me eally, the caufe of 
this has not been well afcertained, though, in all probability, it 
arifes from the increafed a€tion of the fulphate on and 
weaker copperas vats is be foun 
e cffeed : temperature would 
tably be ru ate 
lime, or tay difeharped by cold and fat four 
IPPING, in Magnetics, is a certain degree of Te Steation, 
hich a magnet or fa dae c body, be it natural or artificial, 
endeavours to attain in moft parts of the world. Amongit 
es of a are this of its dipping undoubtedly 
e moft admirable; but with a magnet melee’ 
poffeffed of its charaéteriftic properties, this dipping is n 
ealily difcerned; it being difficult to fay, whether the inclie 
nation of one of its extremities below the horizontal plane, © 
and of courfe the elevation of its o 
that plane, is owing to the m 
mechanical balance 
th i 
account that the dipping of the 
fo foon as its property of dire&ting itfelf aoe and fouth, or 
nearly fo. See MaGnerism. 
The eafieft method of ae os magnetical property 
is as follows. ar aig piece of 
r the manner of 
pie 
sence ; and o urfe horizontal 
powerful magnet 
care not to ai fturb i its point of fufpenfion ; and when this 
has been done, and the magnets have been removed, as piece 
of fteel or needle will no longer rema in in an horizontal fi- 
tuation, but one of its extremities will dip ; ; that i i. will j ins 
cline itfelf below the horizontal ae and its oppofite extres 
mity will raife itfelf above that plane, making an angle wit th 
fome places it vanifhes ; 3 that is, 
zontal. This angle is ‘Mo various in the fame fixed place at 
different times; this latter variation however is but trifling, 
In England, the north eed of the magnet tends ib ale 
A clearer idea of the different inclinations of the magnet, 
or magnetized fteel, in different parts of the world, as paella 
4% 2 of 
