HER 
- The writings of Heraclitus were comprifed in a treatife, 
which, according to Laertius, contained a coritinued dif- 
co nature, and was divided into three books; one 
fecond, concerning politics ; 
m 
Tatian, that the 
profe, 
above relation atian. ‘ 
ccording to Heraclitus, reafon, by means of the 
fenfes, is the judge of truth. uis common and divi 
ciple is derived by infpiration from that which furrounds us. 
dreaming, the paffages of the fenfes are obftrudted, 
fur- 
rounds us is interrupted; on waking, this conneétion is 
reftored, and the power of reafon returns. All n 
) strue. Fire is the principle from which 
all things in nature are produced: this principle confilts of 
fmall indivilible parts or atoms, in their nature fimple, and 
durat ternal, and in continual motion. From the com- 
bination of thefe 
are produc 
all refolved. 
on farther condenfed is earth; and 
‘vice ver i. The heavenly bodies are in the form of boats, 
prefenting to us the hollow fide ; and they become luminous 
when certain fi tions from the earth are collected 
thin them. 
ae ae 
: ory over ; 
— paffed mount T'aurus, marched through Capp2¢ 
HER 
On the fubje&t of morals, Heraclitus tatight, that the end 
of life is to enjoy happinefs ; that for this purpofe it is necef- 
fary to repofe the body and confine its wants within as nar- 
row limits as poffible; that it is of greater importance for men 
to know themfelves than to acquire extenfive learning ; that 
human life is, in fact, the death of the foul, as, whilft it con- 
tinues in the body, it is confined and deprefled, and never 
gains its true freedom and activity, till it returns to the 
divine nature from which it proceeds; that the firlt virtue 
is temperance, and the firft leffon of wifdom to follow na- 
ture; and that all human laws are founded upon one divine 
law of neceffity, which governs all things. 
The Stoics were indebted to Heraclitus for many parts of 
their phyfical and moral doétrine. Many fubfequent philo- 
fophers taught his fyitem, or incorporated it with their own, 
lato, learning it from Cratylus, adopted that part of it 
which treated of the nature and motion of matter. The 
Heraclitean fe&, however, feems to have been of no long 
duration, as no traces of its exiftence are difcernible after the 
death of Socrates: which was owing, partly to the obfcu- 
rity of the writings of Heraclitus, and principally to the 
fuperior fplendour of the Platonic fyftem by which it was 
fuperfeded. Among the philofophers of Athens, Hera- 
| chitus maintained a confiderable degree of reputation, as we 
may infer from the great pains taken by Zeno to transter 
feveral tenets of the Heraclitean fy {tem into his own. Among 
the admi of Heraclitus we may reckon Hippocrates, 
histreatife on rivers, when {peaking of the Scamander. 4° 
him has been aferibed a work entitled «¢ De Incredibilibus, 
the MS. of which was found in the Vatican library. It was 
printed at Rome in the year 1641, and it has been reprinted 
at London and Amfterdam. Moreri. ies F 
~ HERACLIUS, emperor of the Eaft, fon of the governor 
of Africa, of the fame name, was fent by his father with @ 
fleet from Carthage to Conftantinople to relieve the people 
from the tyranny of Phocas. he objeéts of his miflion 
he performed fo well, that he was himfelf inftantly gee 
w 
This was in the 
The enemy had at length 
fubdued and over-run all the Thracian provinces as far a8 
the long wall of Conitantinople, and Heraclius was prepar- 
ing to quit his capital, and had put his treafures on board 
= the 
A battle enfued, in which the ss 
and eftablithed his winter quarters on the banks of the Haly® 
2 iftian. captives. 
winter near the fhores of the Cafpian fea. 
pai, 
Pear a 
