NYA 
igher at 
to a high ree of reputation, and applied a moft 
eta to attain aba ion in his branch of the art. His 
e equall "exact me ele ant ; 
of his glazings, and left a {qualid furfac 
tures did not long ara the extraordinary prices at 
which they were purcha ed a member 
of St. Luke, and received from his brethren all the refpe& 
feventy. ewasa 
at his profeffion early the morning, faying, that ‘‘he 
who ae ot fee the wife loft half = day.’ 
n Geog f Sweden, in the province 
of Warm alae ee 
of Sweden, in the cee enn me 3 53 miles N. of Carlftadt. 
NYA , atown of Sweden, in Angermanland; 85 
d. 
E, a town of alee in the kingdom of Bam- 
barra ; 48 miles N.E. of Se 
NYAM 
OV, atown of "Africa, in the kingdom of Bam- ° 
barra; 140 miles W. of Sego 
NYARA, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of Bam- 
barra; 40 miles N.E. 0 
NYARPET, a baa oF Hindoots, in the Carnatic ; 
35 miles N.E. of Bomrauzepollam 
NYAYA, 1 in Philp phy, is ce name of one of the {chools 
The doétrines upheld by this ae are di- 
The fecond, Nyayai is fometimes called Waififhika, and is 
the Ionic theory: its author, Ka- 
Nya i as the followers of them, more efpeci ally of the 
firit fe&t, are called. The theory of Kanada is, indeed, little 
elfe than a modification - on of Gautama; the latter 
being the moft ancient. ath of its author is placed 
about 550 years B.C. As “well as ryan ae Nyaya 
do&trines embrace an extenfive f meta- 
d from eternity, 
but only the primary or aaa gee lag it {prings 
when commanded by the creative p = in its 
In the 
main aie fa ain {pread ou 
tive energy. ae explana of this, or at leaft the 
manner in which it is lores by Hindoo metaphyficians, 
may be found under the article Rarpa In the Gita, 
ar is made to fay, * I am the eternal feed of a na- 
ure. The whole world was fpread abroad by me 
javifible form ; at the end of the period eee all fags 
a 
4 
NYA 
return into my primordial fource, a vat the beginning of 
another kalpa I create them all agai RISH 
atomical condition, matter 1s eternal. 
make a dwenuk, three a trinik, and f{o forth; arriving a 
the bulk of the latter, matter aflumes tas and becomes 
vifible, and in this ftate it is perifhable. Hence in the 
Nyayai fyftem, the elements, water, earth, fire, &c. are di- 
vided into what is temporary, and what tc eternal ; i 
fible ftate of water, for example, is temporary ; its primary 
ftate, or effence, is eternal. 
e com bacon or aggregations which compofe the 
material univerfe, are produced by es ergy of an almighty 
and intelligent caufe, the Supreme is i 
ayaikas: ‘“ Though i 
viduals have in themfelves a conkioufnf that I am, I 
feel pleafure, &c. yet we have no 
{pirit and matter are different : 
lowing argument : 
cribe to him an invifible ee Hs earn is fo 
{mall that it moves in the {malleft nerves, ees b 
only the thoufandth part of the diameter of a dies ; and 
this notion is ae lg by, or grounded on, a paflage in 
the Veda: ‘¢ Spirit is more minute than the minuteft atom, 
more fubtle than the fubtleft thing.” But it muft not be 
inferred from this that they are materialifts ; for they main- 
tain an eee al diftm@tion between the phenomena of mat- 
ter an 
hey ie that the foul is a ae of the Supreme 
Being, and has a feparate individual exiftence. It is diftin- 
guifhed from the Creator by not polling effentially and per- 
manently the qualities of perception, defire, and ation ; 
d it is, moreover, fubject to ignorance and forrow, but 
the fupreme {pirit is perfe& -— eternally bleffed. « Truth 
and intelligence,” to ufe their own words, “are the 
bures of God, and are not to ae afcribed to the foul, which 
f=] 
can you account for the foul being con- 
ned to material habitations, and again releafed from them?” 
hile embodied in anes e foul is under the influence 
of evil affions, but having, by intenfe ftudy and contem- 
lation, arrived at the knowledge of the natural eeene and 
principles, it attains the place of the eternal. ne this ftate 
of beatitude, its individuality does not, howev. eafe; but 
on this difficult point they exprefs themfelves i nen 
They 
