OPH 
eal the ftruéture and compofition of the eye, the ufe 
euiie and ag oo effeéts of vifion. 
untrym . William Sige has publifhed an 
geccllent ephttalncaee, and Piempius another 
H ALMOPONIA, from oPbcarpos, ad TaOvEL’y to 
labour, an intenfe pain in re eye, rendering light into- 
lerable. 
OPHTHALMOPTOSIS, from oP$arpo;, and rrwste os a 
fall, a protrufion or difplacement of the eye. See Exo 
THALMIA 
OPHTHALMORRHAGIA, from oD9aruos, and jza, 
to flow, bleeding from the eye or eye-lid. 
THALMOSCOPIA, that ela of phyfiogno- 
my which confiders a perfon’s eyes looks de- 
duce thence the knowledge of his Sean ‘humour, 
and manners 
OPHTHALMOXYSTRIS, from of$aApos, and es 
a brufb, the = of fcarifying the eye with a bruh, 
anciently practife 
ag HALMOXYSTRUM, a bruh for eee 
the eye 
OPHTHALMY, Oputaarmia, Be ne ic rk derived 
from of%x\u0:, the eye, is the general n ich inflam- 
a of ihe delicate and important en is exprefled. 
ammation of the eye originates in the fame manner, 
and edna: the fame kind of treatment, as inflammation in 
other parts of the body ; the general obfervations, therefore, 
which have been delivered upon this fubje€t in the article 
INFLAMM ATION, are for the moft part applicable to cafes of 
ophthaimy. In the prefent place it is our particular duty to 
confider only the peculiarities of inflammation of the eye, 
and the ohana in which it differs from other ordinary 
inflammatio 
all ihe dileales of the eye, fays the a aang Rich- 
ter, ophthalmy is eee oft frequent. e very few 
difeafes of pide. ey which do a ey a arife from i it, and 
in man 
t almy, and the inflammation 
which chiefly eae - intron of the eye, a cafe that is 
termed inf legmone s, even when the inflamed 
‘been hbte to ee. “7 
no doubt proceeded from extradited blood ; and fome- 
times fmaall ean full of this fluid, have been formed 
upon the cornea. The dark red fwelling of the conjunctiva, 
attendant on violent degrees of ophthalmy, and termed che- 
ohh > — from an effufion of blood aadcaieah that mem- 
ot be opened, it may always be inferred, that 
the eye-ball is ied. if the lower edge of the upper eye- 
lid, or the whole of this part, fhould appear to be affected 
with {welling and rednefs. 
The pain is the principal fymptom of ophthalmy ; and, 
indeed, when the eye cannot or muft not be opened, it is the 
OPH 
only one. It is of different kinds. 
Bes: fufficient ‘Foon: an en he fuffers, particularly 
about the eye-brow, a vidlent ty piece tenfe pain, fome- 
times extending from the affected fide of the head : = oc- 
ciput; it may be concluded, without rifk of mi , that 
the inflammation has attained the higheft ws Sia of “viclence, 
and ae sah is imminent danger of {uppurati 
n pain is not to be regarded as a con eae and ef- 
fettial avin of ophthalmy. There are, fays Richter, 
ome fevere ophthalmies, 
or no pain; while certain milder cafes of inflammation of 
the eye fometimes prove exceffively painful. 
this kind are fubjef to variety. 
= 
= 
5°) 
ae 
fo) 
5. 
ry 
is moft violent at the commencem e tac 
at the very moment when the diforder ft i and 
that ‘it afterwards diminifhes, and even Big 
eye, t 
on coe fhould 
rednefs, and little or no pain. Liailly, it deferves to 
be noticed, that the pain accompanying inflammation of the 
es is fometimes periodical. In the rality of fuch 
i our or two in the 
night-time, and during the day are q : 
fufk Thefe fhort paroxy{ms of pain, and 
long intervals of eafe, mutt not be received as a criterion of 
the mildnefs of the inflammatio eye yet 
violently inflamed. That the eye 1s fometimes exceedingly 
painful, without being affe&ed with infla ou ie b 
hereafter explained. The furgeon muft not tru any 
ingle { m; but a judgnient from the oh 
tion of all the circumftances of the cafe togethe 
Befides the f se already pointed out, ther are mii 
ral others, which, though they do not commonly 
arge of tears, and intolerable a is 
«, pariiculssly 
c, an 
tended with a copious fecr etion of irritating tears. 
times ophthalmy is accompanied with a diminution or ed 
lofs of fight. This event is of the worft kind. 
3M2 blin 
in thofe 
dnefs, 
which are accompanied with little - 
) 
