OPI! 
opium muft be kept in two ftates; one foft, proper for 
forming pills, and one hard, capable of being reduced to 
owder. 
The confectio opit of the London asaya is prepared 
by — ° — s of hard opium powdered, of lon 
pepper, et ginger root, me oz. of Gieuny feeds; 
and aie nee the opium in a pin of fyrup made hot ; then 
adding the remaining articles pee and mixing the 
ingredients 
he eleftua arium Es ae 
or opiate eletuary, formerly 
eleéuarium thebaicum or thebaic electuary of the 
f 
Edinb. 
a fufficient quant “it 
ar 
the opium in. thefe preparations 1s 
are intended as fubftitutes 
old pharmacopeias. 
The pi mimofe catechu, olim confeétio aera elec- 
py ety ic a f Edinb. 
ingle is oo e xtract of eaten 3 Oz. 
ino, Bees a ee s, of each 1 oz., 
ibs of opium, diffe in a fufficient quantity of Spanifh 
wine, and 23 lbs. of fyrup of red rofes boiled to 
the ‘dielanels of honey Reduce the folid ingredients to 
powder, and then mix them with the opium and fyrup 
fo as to form an le Guary. The eleduarium catechu com- 
Pf ty or compound eleCtuary of catechu of the Dub. 
confifts of 4 0z. of catechu, 2 0z. of cinnamon 
io} 
bet 
lay 30 z of kino; rub thefe to powder, and add of hard 
refined opium diffufed 14 dram in Spanifh white wine, and 
2% Ibs. _ {yrup > ginger boiled to the confiftence of 
honey ; 
Thele a = ais combinations as aftringents and aroma- 
tics 3 an be efficacioufly given in diarrhoeas, and the 
laft fta age of idylent ery, either i in the form of bolus, or dif- 
fufed.in fome diftilled water. ee ay is from Dj to 3ij. 
fat; then adding gradually the remaining water, rubbing 
them together until they be well mixed, and fetting the mix- 
ture apart that the feculencies may fub ide; laftly, ftrain- 
ing the liquor, and evaporating it to a proper confiftence. 
The extradium opit aquofum, or watery extra of eel 
of the Dub. Ph., 1s formed by rubbing two ounces of opium 
in a pint of “boiling water for ten minutes, and, after a little 
time, pouring off the folution ; then rubbing the refidue o 
opium in an equal quantity of boiling water for the fame 
time, pouring off this folution, and repeating the fame ope- 
ration a third time; then mixing together the decanted fo- 
lutions, and expofing the mixture in a broad open veffel to 
= e air for two days; and, laftly, ftraining it through linen, 
y flow evaporation forming it into an extrad. 
ee Ibfs of crude opium 31j{s onty of extraét are ob- 
tained by following the dire€tions of the London college. 
This extra@, which is inodorous, of a bitter tafte, and of a 
=. 
quent derangement of the nervous fyftem. It 
{uppofed to be well adapted for the ge of children, and 
of perfons of very irritable habits. om gr. j 
to grs Aan for a ad It. The officinal prepares is pane 
opit. See 
. For an accou ant of fief . ns tindures of opium 
fficinal preparation 
PA 
oh odville’s Med. Bot 
fee the refpective artic 
of poppy capfules, fee 
Thomfon’s London Ditpntaory. 
Opium Cyreniacum, in the Materia cps aname given 
by fome of the writers of the middle ages to affa foetida. 
This was the ghee aban of ihe Greek waiters of thofe 
times, and was eniacum fab om na 
it was srnepally ono Avicenna tells 
time, it was br ought: eae pa icaay. and that is 
Cyrene. 
OPIUS, Opn, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, 
near the Euxine me between the mouths of two avers, 
and E.S.E. of Tra 
OPIZUM, a Gan of Thrace, between Hadrianopolis 
and Philippopolis. 
OPLITODROMI, Oxairodgouor, among the Greeks, a 
defignation lida . thofe who ran in armour, at the Olym- 
pic, and other 
The word comes “ae the Greek oracy, armour, and dpouos. 
a race. 
OPOBALSAMUM, in Pharmacy, a whitith juice, gum, 
or refin, diftilled from the branches of a tree, called da/- 
famum, or the balfam-tree. See Amyris. 
To obtain the balfam, the bark is cut by an ax, when th 
juice is inits {trongeft circulation, in July, Auguft, and the 
beginning of September. It is then received into 2 {mall 
earthen bottle, andevery day’s produce colle&ed and poured 
into a larger, which is kept clofely corked. The firft that 
flows, called “‘ opobalfamum,’’ is of a light yellow colour, 
apparently turbid. 1t afterwards becomes clear, fixed, and 
heavier ; and the colour by degrees toa golden yellow. The 
ee opobalfam mum”’ of the ancients was compofed of the green 
liquor found in ay kernel of the fruit ; the ‘ carpobal- 
am mum,” the next in efteem, was made b ithe expreflion of 
the ripe fruit ; eae ‘‘ xylobalfamum,”’ or worft kind, by the 
expreffion or ’ decoétion of the {mall twigs. In the earlier 
ages, this balfam was efteemed as a medicine of almoft uni- 
verfal virtue ; and at the prefent day the Arabs ufe it in all 
complaints of the ftomach and bowels, reckoning it a power- 
fn] antifeptic, and preventive of the plague; but its chief 
ufe among the Turkifh ladies is as a cofmetic. It is never 
brought genuine into this country. See Bausam of Gi- 
ad. 
OPOCALPASON, Opocarpason, ovoxarracoy, o7o~ 
xopracoy, the juice of a tree called calpafi; this juice re- 
fembles myrrh, but is poifonous — Se inducing a 
itrangulation. Galen, de Antidot fays, that in the 
courfe of his time, he had oblerved the ‘fatal effe&s in many 
who had ignorantly taken myrrh mixed with opocalpafum. 
For they who prepare antidotes, he fays, purpofely mix this 
as an ingredient, taking it for the beft fort of myrrh; be- 
caufe they had obferved it to be a very good medicine in 
collyria, 
