ORE 
is divided into two parts, the one called the hnmid, and the 
other the dry analyfis. By the firft of thefe, the fubftance 
is diffolved in acids or sine and the different conftituents 
rating its volatile os The remainder is then treated with 
certain fluxes and inflammable matter, to feparate the metal 
which is found in a rounded form, at the bottom of the 
args and hence is called a button. 
A little refleGion will make it clear, that the humid ana- 
lyfis fhould always precede that of the In order to 
know the nature of the particular flux to be employed 
vee its ore has been roafted and its volatile produdts afcer- 
n upon it, try the 
nitric; fhould this baie not diffolve the whole, try the nitro- 
muriatic, which may confit of equal parts of the two acids. 
If the whole is for diffolved by this, it may be prefumed 
that the ore contains flint, or fome fait not decompofable by 
the above acids. Under either of thefe circumftances it is 
proper to fufe the ore with pure potafh, in a filver crucible. 
The fufed mafs will be of a dark green if iron be prefent, 
of a grafs green if the ore contain copper, blue with cobalt, 
yellow with lead, and purple with manganefe. This mafs 
being boiled for fome time with diftilled water, till all the 
foluble matter is taken up, muft now be treated with nitric 
acid. Itis probable that ail, except the filex, will be diffolved 
in the acid. From this acid folution, with the different lifts, 
it muft be afcertained what axe’ the conttituents of the ore, 
and afterwards the different fubftances muft be feparated_ 
with a view to determine their a See under the 
different metals 4ffay and Analy/fis 
en the nature and proportions of the different {ub- 
oxyd of iron. If the ore contain filex, potafh or foda fhould 
be ufed in order to form glafs, which is greatly more fufible 
than the earth would have been with the metallic oxyd alone. 
Borax is frequently es a i as a flux from its great faci- 
lity of com ee the filex and other earths. See 
Stones, Analyfis of. 
ORES, Draping or Wafbing of, is the preparing them as 
they come rough from the mine, for the working by fire. 
This is done feveral ways in different ee pee in refpect 
to the different ores of the metals. fhire we have 
thamble to tae by the fhovel-men in the mine, and drawn 
ts by a winch at the top of the fhaft. As foon 
as the wide quantity for one drefling is brought up, the 
large aoe are broken, and the whole is a ce to the 
mills, where e one orfe turns a aes ei the machines 
mping or knocking m 
head of the pafs or ne into ee mills : ee pafs is 
made of two or three bottom-boards and two fide-boards, in 
form of a hollow trough, and ftands in a flanting direction. 
The ore by its own weight i is carried down this trough, and 
lodges itfelf in the coffer. The coffer i is a long fquare box, 
made of the firmeft timber, and of three feet long, anda foot 
ORE 
and half broad. The ore is not oS . fall into this all 
e troug 
crofs board, where a cock turns ia a qu pee of water at 
the fame time, which wafhes down juft as much of the ore 
with it into the trough, as there ought to be. In this coffer 
there are three lifters placed between two ftrong board- 
leaves, having two braces or thwart-pieces on each fide to 
keep them fteady, as a frame with ftamp-heads. 
heads are of iron, and weigh about thirty or forty pounds 
a-piece, and ferve to the breaking of the lumps of ore in the 
coffer 
The lifters are about eight feet oe and half a foot 
{quare. They are always made of heart of oak, and have 
as many be or guiders between ney they are lifted 
up in order, bya — number of tappets, which are fafa 
tened to as many arm fling d diametr ically through the great 
beam, which is ee turned by the wheel and horfe, or, 
where there is a convenicncy of water, by an overfhcot water- 
wheel on two boulfters. The tappets exactly but eafily 
meet with the tongues, which are fo placed in the lifters, as 
that they eafily flide from each other, and fiffer the lifters 
to fall with great force on the ore in the trough. The fre- 
quent pounding of thefe foon reduces the large maffes into a 
fort of fand, which is wafhed out of the trough by the con- 
tinual current of the water from the cock through a brafs- 
grate, which is placed at one end of the coffer between two 
iron bars. This opcration is aie b ae the miners bricking, 
or brick-working the ore. 
The powdered ore is conveyed out or the trough into the 
launder, which isa trench cut in the floor of eight feet long, 
and ten feet over. his is ftopped at the lower end wit 
turf, fo that the water is all fuffered to pafs away, and the 
powder o i Thus the sae by pili 
fills up with the dreffed ore, and this is remov i 
The launder is divided ji inte 
he tail: that ore 
oorer one, 
a In one oe to 
Orgs, Effaying, o 
and - ade ee. 
A flayi 
rae of Antimony, Arfenic, Bifmuth, Cobalt, Copper, Gold, 
Tran, Lead, Mercury, Platina, Silver, Tin, Zinc. See the 
fe veral articles. 
RES, Smelting of. See SMELTING. 
re-Weed, in Agriculture, a general name for weeds 
oo at the bones of the fea, and alfo on the muddy 
rocky parts of the fhore. Thefe forts of fea-weeds form 
a beneficial a manure, that farmers ought not to grudge the 
ay aying of. See Assay, Ore fupra 
My: rie alfo Cramer’s Art ee 
o 
England, to have thefe weeds laid in heaps till ne are 
rotten, and then {pread upon the land, about a ie to three 
But this lafts only one year, unlefs fand, iff 
become a lafting manure. 
gathered in heaps, and burnt as foon as they are 
which, about a bufhel of their afhes is laid upon te a 
of ground. But thefe, like all other afhes, fhould be mixed 
with fand, or ftiff earth, in order to have the land left good : 
otherwife they are only an eee ent for a year. Thefe 
afhes are particularly good rounds over-run with 
d for grafs-gr 
mofs, Loofe fandy foils are Picwie peculiarly a 
y 
