ORF 
was in prifon; he read it to his fellow miffionaries, who 
affitted him in correcting ae | miltakes into poses he might 
have fallen was printed at Madrid in 1633, and is en- 
titled « The Ecclefiaftical Titory of the saga of Chrif- 
tianity in Japan from the Year 1602 to 1 d continued 
to the End of the Year 1622 by father Dess Collado.”? 
Moreri. 
ORFAR, a town of Scotland, on the S. coaft of the 
ifland of Pomona; ten miles S.W. of Kirkwall. 
ORFFYREUS’s Wueet, in Mechanics, is a machine fo 
called from its inventor, which he aeiely to be a gel daige, 
sey ma achine, acorn o the accoun t giv 
t by M. s’Gravef. his“ CEusres. Philofophiques,”’ ‘pub 
lithed by Allamand, ens 1774, confilted of a large circu- 
Jar wheel, or rather drum, twelve feet in diameter, and four- 
teen inches in depth, and very light; asit was formed of a 
affemblage of deals, the intervals between which were covered 
with waxed cloth, in order to conceal thei interior parts of it. 
ich it turned, 
On giving the wheel a flight im- 
pulfe in either direCtion, its motion was gradually accele- 
rated; fo that after two or three revolutions it acquired fo 
great a velocity as to make twenty-five or twenty-fix turns 
ina minute. [his rapid motion it a€tually preferved during 
the {pace of two months, in the chamber of the landgrave of 
Hefle, the door of which was kept locked, — fealed with 
- 
oe 
the landgrave’s own feal. t the end of that time it was 
pped, to prevent the wear of the en The profef- 
or, wi d bee en an nye wie to thefe circumftances, ex- 
that he broke the wiachines in pieces, and wrote on the wall, 
that it was the impertinent _ of profeffor s ’Gravefande 
which made him take this The prince of Heffe, who 
had feen the interior aes of this wheel, being afked by 
s’Gravefande, whether, after it had been in motion fome time, 
there had been any change obfervable in it, or whether it con- 
tained any pieces that indicated fraud or deception, an{wered 
both quettions in the negative, and declared that the machine 
was of a very ies conftru€tion. 
ORFO, in oe atown of Africa, in the diftri& 
of Labadde, on the Gold Coa 
D, or OREFORD, a borough and market town in 
the hundred of Plomefgate, and county of Suffolk, Eng- 
land, is fituated on the north-weft bank of the river Ore, 
from which it certainly derived its name. It was formerly 
a place of much greater confequence than at prefent, and 
previous to the year 1500, contained three churches ; but 
of thefe only one remains. In 1359 this town fent three 
rough, and in its immediate ane ftill called saa pope ie 
almoit entirely deftitute of 
town is attributed to the a of its harbour, as “e fea has 
retired from this part of the 
he corporation of ae confifts of a mayor, recorder, 
town clerk, epoca poremen, twelve capital burgeffes, and 
two ferjeants at m members are fent hence to par- 
liament, in which the town appears to have been firft repre- 
fented in the reign of Edward I. Negle&ing, however, 
to exercife its elective franchife during a long feries of years, 
it loft this privilege, but it was reftored by Richard IIL, 
ORF 
who granted to Orford a charter of incorporation, and con- 
ferred on it many im nportant immunities, Its market is on 
onday, weekly, and there is a fair on the 2 
cat formerly held on Shrove Monday is Seog ie. 
town gave the title of earl to admiral Ruffell, who was ele- 
vated to the peerage by William IIT. Becoming extinG in 
that family, the fame dignity was conferred on the celebrated 
fir Robert Walpole, and continued in his family till the year 
97 n it again became extinét, by the demife of Ho- 
ratio, the faa earl, without iffue. It has fince, however, 
in the perfon of Horatio baron 
of June : 
fide with fhields, a 
terior with king’s heads, five on one fide, 
other. The chancel, now much more ruinous than any ot 
part of the church, and feparated from it by a wall, exhibits 
in its remains a very curious {pecimen of ancient architeCiure. 
In the more entire portions of this edifice the arches are 
in the pointed ftyle, and fae leat are ornamented with 
beautiful tracery, in good prefer 
The other public buildings in Orford, befides the church, 
are a town-hall and an ei y hou ae 
n eminence on the weft fide of the town ftand the 
ruins of the catftle, oe was molt ively founded foon after 
dered extremel 
that many foundations of buildings are frequently difcovered 
in the furrounding enclofures, fome of which likewife retain 
the name of ftreets annexed to their denomination of field, 
The prefent remains of the caftle confift chiefly of the keep. 
The figure of this building is a polygon of eighteen fides, 
defcribed within a circle, whofe radius 1s twenty-feven feet, 
and flanked a three {quare towers, fituated at equal dif- 
tances on the rth-eaft, and fouth-eatt fides. e 
are embattled, and overlook the reft of the edifice, w 
to the height of 
Wenty 
galleries an - fa 
the upper Reon he whole run two circular ditches, 
which were ae, feparated by acircular wall, now almotft 
entirely demolifhed. From the view of the caftle, however, 
publifhed by Grofe, we learn that this wall was forty feet 
high, and had a parapet and battlements. The entrance into 
the fortrefs was, on the fouth-eaft part of the polygon, 
through a building adjoining to one of the towers. 
hen mention * Orford caftle firft occurs in hiftory, it 
belonged to the crown. In 1215, Hugh Bigod and John 
itz Robert were eppsnied Saat both of pene 
A caftles ; but were removed the fame bhi and 
rgh nominated in their ftead. the bane “of 
. wa ne. oulgnes by his 
barons, they conferred the command s poft on Hug 
e Defpe It next paffed into the cuftody of the defcend- 
e Valoines, ane of whom, Cecilia, daughter 
of Robert de es married Robert de Ufford, who had 
a grant of thecaftle and manor for hfe. William de Ufford 
died feifed of it in the reign of Richard II., and ge his 
wife, had it affigned among other things for her dowry. Upon 
her death it reverted to Robert lord Willoughby, a ae 
ant, by the female line, from Robert de Offord d, and = 
tinue 
