ORGAN. 
reed, ftopped at the lower extremity, and communicat- 
ing at the other with the body of the pipe. The ope 
fide of the reed, (the edges of which are filed perfely 
flat and paralle ,) 1s covered with a thin plate of hard brafs. 
nd of which is kept in its pofition 
and the other left at liberty 
The degree of 
a reed pipe, depends jointly on 
= 
the length of the nee, and th.t of the pipe ; meafured 
from the extremity of the reed to the extremity of the 
ile. It is, therefore, neceflary to have fome method of 
the reed, in ae to abe the pipe. 
altering the length of 
is i "Ne the wire- 
pipe, from the edge of the mouth to the 
of the tompion. A ftopped pipe is half the length of an 
open pipe of the fame pitch. 
The following lift contains the names ad the ftops which 
are commonly ufed by Englifh bui 
Stopped Pi he bourdon, or double. ftopped diapafon, 
the ftopped Sinaloa: and flopped flute. 
Open Pipes.—The preftant, or double open ise ga the 
open diapafon, dulciana, principal, open flute, twelfth, 
fifteenth, tierce or feventeenth, larigot. or cea and 
twen*y-fecond. 
Reed Pipes. —The =— clarion, baffoon, hautboy, 
French wake cremona, ox an 
Compound ftops, fall “confitt ing of o open pipes, are 
the a fefquialtera, furniture, mixture and se 
ment. 
The organ has from one fet of keys, in chamber cal lager 
to four or five fets, in the largeft church organs. Each 
thefe fets of keys a€ts upon a feparate organ, which has 
nothing in common with the others, except the cafe and 
bellows. 
The number of keys, or compafs of the organ in the time 
of father Schmidt, was commonly confined to four octaves ; 
from double To thefe, two notes, 
° 
me 
Befides the manuals or keys for the cca there are, in 
ake church organs, pedals, or keys played with the feet ; 
oO e invention of Bernard, a German, abcut the 
gans in the 
refpe€&t to number or pofttior ; 
comes to an organ th whic 
quainted (be he ever + fo fkilful m the ufe of pedals), has the 
whole of his bufinefs to a again. The aifpofition of the 
pedals of the fine organ 1» St. Paul’s cathedral, might ferve 
as a model for ali other Engl ifh organs. Each o€tave of the 
pedals ara the fpace of two octaves of the finger- -keys ; 3 
and placed under each other, as reprefented in 
Plate I. fg. an 
Vor. XXV 
part of th 
at organ 1s oa placed in the fore part of 
the cafe, for the convemence of planting the largeft pipes in 
the ornamental front ; and thatit m 
etime ront of the great organ, in 
the back of the player. Hence it is not 
unfequently called the chair organ 
Th movemen of the hie organ, as reprefented ia 
the plate, i» of that kind calied the Jong mo 
wv 
— 
nt; be- 
caufe it may be extended to an almoft indefinite length. It 
as ufed f r the organ at the commemorati Handel in 
The c nitruétion muft be obvious to any on 
has obferved the common method of hanging bells. 
trackers in the organ are of wood, inftead of w 
Catalogue of the Stops in the great Organ at Haarlem, 
built by Muller, 1738. 
Great Manual. 
No. Names, Length of longeR Pipe.  Englith Equivalents. 
1. Preftant, 16 feet. Open es diapafou, 
2. Bourdon 16 Stopt di 
3. Odtave, 8 Open ne 
A narrow pipe wh 
4. Vielda Gamla, 8 initate te biting Unifon with ditto, 
of the 
a funnel, or) 
5. Roer Fluit, at a H pipes upon the i aaa half fopt. 
6. Oave, eae 
(A kid of ar the) 
7. Gem’s Hoorn, = narrow at the +/Unif ith ditto. 
8. mala 6 . Twelfth half ftopt. 
9. Quit F 
10. ai Tierce or 17th. 
ll. Ve 6, 8, aad i. oan ‘urniture, of mixture. 
(Stopt pipe,) 
12. Wood Fluit, 2 feet. < ie a sa act or octave flute. 
Lthe 
13, Trumpet, Hy J trong trumpet. 
4 umpet, 8 ; Tumpet. 
15. Trumpet, 4 r Reed flops Clarion. 
16. Hautlois, sJ Hautbois. 
3X Upper 
