ORR 
one 
ae ones not at all fo. It grows pied o twenty 
pounds weight, and is much efteemed among the modern 
re 
RPHI GNES, Fr. Orphics, in eel and Hifory. 
By orphics are generally underftood the poems and detached 
verfes which the ancients and dere have a{cribed to 
rpheus. 
ORPIERRE, in Geogra, phys a town of France, in the 
department of the sal gag BS we _ of a canton 
in the diftri€&t of Gap; 7 m 
contains 858, and the an 2985 rare oeii on a territory 
of 115 a in eight co nes. 
ORPIMENT, n Chen iftry aa the Aris, a yellow mine- 
ral, = which the ecleur called king’s yellow is prepared. 
a compound of fulphur and arfenic. See Arsenic, 
ae of: 
ORPINE, in Botany, &c. See Sepum and TeLeruium. 
ORR, in Geography, atown of Arabia, in the province of 
aot the refidence of a Dola; 24 miles W.S.W. of Sana 
R Water, a river of Scotland, which runs into Solway 
Frith, 10 miles E. of Kircudbright, N, lat. 54° 95’. W. 
long. 3° 50’. 
RA, a mountain of Arabia, in Yemen; 20 miles 
N.E. of Abu-Arifch. 
ers or ORacH, in pec 
moo metimes the rotation of the 
un and of certain planets on their axes, as well as the revolu- 
tions of the latter, whereas a planetarium produces only the 
revolutions of the 
eography, navigation, and 
aftronomy, the earth being the fituation, though a moveable 
fituation, from which all the phenomena are viewed, that 
eflively arife out of the different motions of the other 
diftant bodies, confidered as contemporary with the motions 
of the earth herfelf. Hence all the viciNitudes of fummer 
inafmuch as it comprehends 
eitlines of the aioe folar fyllew, sad cxplaine ina familiar 
ORR 
Manner a ae a aed of interefting particulars relating to 
the compofition of the univerfe ; particulars w have re- 
quired centuries to difcover, and the {kill of fucceffive mathe- 
maticians fatisfaCtorily to explain. 
It is not our inrene on to give in this place a hiftory of 
all the machines that have been ae ved by human fkill, to 
illuftrate the different fyftems of planetary motion, which the 
ancient philofophers of different nations pted, as the 
efult of their imperfect obfervations and reafoning ; taapaal 
h the 
ut to defcribe fuch machines oly, as 
illuftrate the true or bag ages fyftem, agreeably to the defi- 
nition ve given of an orrery, as diftinguifhed from a 
, planetarium, ve latter of ate . will alfo be fully defcribed 
in its place. e PLANET 
Bs internal pen ee na an orrery has hitherto been 
nfidered as compofed of mechanifm too complex:to be in- 
eihebly defcribed in a diGtionary of the arts and fectices 8, 
ut wi atter ourfelves, that our divifion of the diffe erent 
planetary machines into appropriate articles, and our havi ving 
feibe the theory of planetary calculations, and of plane- 
tary mechanifm under the heads EquaTIon pice: im, and 
ees sient bs enable us to remo jections of 
this nature, and to render 
ure or ufe of the machine that it dfigrate, 
ed arofe ut tof the following circumftance. About th 
the moon, which motions ha ver befor n exhi- 
bited together by any mechanical contrivance, at leaft i 
nd. This inftrument was put into ands of : 
hands, and it Rowley made a machine for the earl of 
Orrery, with additions of his own invention. Sir Richard 
teel, wh ew nothi Mr. Graham’s inftrument, 
wifhing to do juftice to the inventor, as he thought, of fuch 
an ingenious and cumplicated piece of mechanifm, named it 
an orrery, and attributed to Rowley the honour which was 
due to Gra ee This is Dr. Defaguliers’s account of the 
origin of the orrery, from which it may be inferred, that 
Graham baveated the parts of the machine which relate to 
the earth and moon, and that Rowley added thofe which 
produc eke motions of the cther planets; but whether the 
inferior “planets only, or the eat’ alfo, were at firft a are 
does not certainly appear. ave been favoured w 
infpection into, and saint of, the o 
was ee from Rowley’s plan many years ago 
nabob, by order of the Eaft India company, but which was 
never fent out by reafon of the faid nabob’s death. This 
machine has not the wheelwork for exhibiting the fuperior 
planets, but correfponds with the drawing given in Bion’s 
book of mathematical inftruments, and alfo with the fhort 
notice which Hy es given of its external parts and ufe. 
The cafe is of e i 
folid filver, 1§ ae broad and 29 inches in diameter, on 
which are neatly engraved the graduated figns of the oe 
