ORT 
fcheme: but they agreed in one general defign of accom- 
modating the letters to the pronunciation, by eje¢ting fuch 
as they thought 1 ieadee Some of them would have 
written thefe lines t 
ee 
All the erth 
Shall then be paridis, far aepee place 
‘ Than this of Eden, and far happier dais.”” 
Bifhop Wilkins afterwards, in his great work of the phi- 
a ae seh ta propofed, without expediting to be fol- 
ror ane graphy, by which the Lord’s prayer 
hus 
‘Yur Fadher hiiith art in héven halloéd bi dhyi. nam, 
dhyi cnedym cym, dhy will bidyn in erth az it iz in 
or fays, repete for el 
” OF thefe it may 
» the ey have done ‘tittle 
pular plone after obferving that the ia 
graphy oF the Englith language is attended with muc 
certainty and perplexity, fuggefts, that a confiderable ae 
of this inconvenience may be remedicd, by attending to the 
verfally received. But 
every one’s hands, we fhall content ourfelves with referring 
to it. See Murray’s Englifh Grammar, ed. 2. 1809, vol. 1. 
- 56, & 
. te on orthography of a great number of Englifh words is 
very far from being fixed and uniform even among writers 
of diftin@ion and in the beft modern publications. d 
directory to the doubtful, and as a kind of teft for deciding 
differences that occur in this department of grammar. The 
celebrated di€tionary of Dr. Johnfon has occupied, and not 
without a very general parts this diftinguifhed rank in 
literature ; and yet fom his decifions appear to be 
S. by the pHncinles of etymology and analogy. 
f this di€tionary, Dr. Nares, in his «* Elements of Or- 
rere ? expreffes a very high opinion, ee that it 
has nearly fixed the external form of o nguage. He 
adds, ‘* indeed, fo convenient is it to haved one ealederd 
ftandard to recur to; fo much preferable, in matters of 
this nature, is a trifling degree of irregularity, to a con- 
tinued change, and fruitlefs purfuit of unattainable perfec- 
tion; that it is earneftly to be hoped, that no author will 
he neeforth, on light able be tempted to innovate.’ 
Neverthelefs, Mr. L. Murray has very juttly obferved, that 
this pel contains fome orthographical age yer 
that o ; and milar 
ORT 
fiodorus, and Beda. Among the moderns, Torelli, ae 
Daufquius, Scoppa, Valla, and Manutivs the youn 
have ina on = fame fubjeét. 
Ort » in Geometry, is the art of drawing, or 
Sinectiag he eed plan or fide of any ne and of 
exprefling the heights or elevations of each par 
It is called sag lis a from the Greek He right, and 
pxOn, defcription, from its determining things by perpen- 
Gee right Goes falling on the geometrical plan; or rather, 
becaufe all the, zontal lines are here ftraight and pa- 
iar = not oblique, as in reprefentations of perfpetive. 
APHY, in Architecture, is the elevation of a 
face or front of a building, exhibiting the principal wall, 
with its apertures, roof, ornaments, and every thing vifible 
to an eye placed before the buildin 
RTHOGRAPHY, lei called alfo Jedion, is a de- 
lizeation, or drau a building, fuch as it would ap- 
pear, were the Lane wall removed. See PrErsprsc- 
ie 
THOGRAPHY, in Forti ae is the profile, or repre- 
ught 
fentati ) fo conducted, as that 
e length, breadth, laa and thicknefs, of the feveral 
parts are expreffe ve uld appear, if it were 
perpendicularly ~ — top to 
ORTH ee a "Giviaity worfhipped at 
Athens, in the nanner of that of Priapus. 
ORTHOPNCEA, in Medicine, compounded of opSo:, 
Jfiraight, ere, and avw, I breathe, fignifes that extreme 
difficulty of re{piration, which compels the patient to fit 
upright in order to be able to perform the funétion of 
i a, therefore, is not a diftin& difeafe, 
merely an eae tlate of dy/pnea, and a fymptom of 
feveral a difeafes 
on why the erect pofture is chofen, or becomes 
sees a in certain cafes of extreme difficulty of breathing, 
will be obvious, if we attend to the mechanifm of refpira- 
which move outwards as well a ees and partly . 
the contra&tion of the arch of the diaphragm downwards. 
In ordinary health, we can breathe by either of thefe modes ; 
t 
nical difadvantages of a recum 
therefore, be compelled to affine the ere& pofture, in 
which 
