ORT 
which the gravity of the abdominal vifcera will affift the 
defcent of the diaphragm, and the motion of the ribs will 
ree. 
Orthopnoea is produced in the manner juft defcribed 
under all circumftances, which ape) alae the a@ of 
refpiration: thefe are, for inftance, peripneumony, or in- 
flammation of the lungs, efpecially when that difeafe is 
'fevere and dangerous; f{pafmodic afthma, while the pa- 
roxyfm lafts, and the bronchial paffages are contracted ; 
the humoral 2ahina, as it has been called, in which the cells 
nd tubes are obftructed by a congeftion of mucus; and 
empyema, or abfcefs in the lungs, dropfy in the cheft, tu- 
mours, and every other fource of diminution of the cavity 
of the thorax. In fom re of the circumftances laft mentioned, 
When an abfcefs of the lungs breaks, and difcharges its 
matter into the cavity, when the lungs are wounded, an 
blood is difchar eke in like manner, or w en water is ef. 
phragm downwards, leaving i eee free, and con- 
ducing to the expanfion of the cavity. 
ne practical sbleratci: deduced from thefe ual 
tions, is of importance. n ordinary obferver is liable t 
imagine, that a : perfon, choofing to fit up, and i 
bed, cannot be fo ill a be near death. Bu 
acute peripneumony, it will fometimes happen, that a pa- 
y the re, pila an hour 
tion oe = See Peace and 
Dys 
ORTHOPOGON, in Botany, from one Sfrraight, and 
xrwywv, a beard, a genus of — eftablifhed by Mr. 
Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. 1 is diftinguithed from Pa- 
utmoft danger: 
P 
grafles, growing in fhady plac Their at 
broadifh. Spike compo adel Fe avertate pikes, diredted 
all one way, and fom s confifting of v ew flowers. 
Four fpecies are found in New Hollan 0. pe pofitus, emt- 
lus, flaccidus and sean The sa - Panicum compofitum 
of Linnzus r. Brown indicates two more graffes as a 
longing to this genus, P. Birtellum of Linnezus, and P. 
manni of Retzius. 
ORTHOSIA, or On TOSA, in Geography, a town of 
Syria, in the pachalic of Tripoli, on the coaft of the Medi- 
terranean 5 iles N.E. i. Confiderable ruins 
indicate the {cite of this ancient town, which was a place 
of confequence, beeaufe it commanded the pafs between 
Pheenicia and the maritime parts of Syria. It was fituated 
to the right of the river Eleutherus, in the ial of that 
of Simyra. N. lat. 34° 47!, ong. 
ORTHO ee in Botany, from on ‘fraight, and 
sno, a flam Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. 1. 451.— 
Clafs a oer Tetrandria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Gen- 
Hane, 
Ef, Ch. Calyx tubular, four-toothed. Corolla with 
a thort, pease four-cleft limb, and naked mouth, wither- 
Stamens equal, promin nent. Anthers burfting length- 
ing. 
wife, poet, always ftraight. Stigmas two, roundifh, 
ORT 
enus of flaccid 4erés, with broadifh aves, and ter- 
minal fowers ; which its author doubtfully en from 
Pat of Lamarck, and from his own Erythrea, Thi 
wee 
@ 
po 
raeee 
ay 
wT 
2. 242. ei 
Beitr. v. 1. 33. — eo and order, Cryfto- 
gamia Mufci. rd. Mufe 
Eff, C Capfile oblong, terminal. Outer fri ringe of 
fixteen teeth ; inner of eight or fixteen thread-fhaped teeth, 
ometimes wanting. Veil angular, moftly clothed with ered 
airs. 
r. Mohr. 
ca mented cena: 
botanifts, has attempted to remove ee of the difficulties 
a fegment circle. (See The teeth in the 
outer’ fringe ome genuine f{pecies of Orthotrichum ate 
com ee in pairs, but there is always a line of diftin€&tion 
to indicate this union, though to a flight obferver the teeth 
may on to be but eight. 
Orthotrichum i is divided into two feGtions, the firft compre 
pecies as have the proper double fringe of 
cond fuch as want the internal fringe. 
Initances of the (ane 
_ffriatum. Common Ealicsiolh Hedw. Sp. Mufc. 163. 
. 36. me Bot. 2187. (Bryum ftri- 
. Sp. Pl. 1579, Polytrichum ftriatum ; 
udf. 471, a  P. bryi ical — copious feffilibue, 
old trees, bearing capfules from February to May. 
pecies are fo complete in the technical er chara@ters, 
for this has not only a hairy veil, but the outer fringe 
fifts of fixteen diftin& teeth, the inner | as man 
inflexed, eta flat, jointed, jagged 
than bri ¢ fiems are perennial, tufted, branched, 
an inch or —_ high, clothed with crowded, f{preading, lan. 
ceolate, acute, ava = ai ae e, Jinglesibbed 
ark-green leaves, the u expanded, 
fometimes jagged at the a een ieee at the ~~ 
4 
s° 
