OXFORD. 
be ereéted. Of this a he laid the foundation-ftone in 
1380, under the parte pf the king’s licence, and likewife 
of the pope’s bull; but the buildings were not completed 
for a period of fix years. As foon as they were, however, 
the fociety was removed into them, and took aa 
with great folemnity. The fame year, bifhop W am 
began his collegiate eftablifhment at Winchefter, nck was 
to ferve as a nurfery to that of Oxford, fo grand and com- 
prehenfive was the original defign of this diftinguifhed bene- 
factor. Both a fae by their refpeCtive charters and 
ftatutes confi arden and feventy 
fcholars, befides aa ie clerks, aaa chorifters, for the fervice 
inchefter had likewife a fchool- 
fpecial privileges were at thi red 
which one was, that the fellows “thould be admitted to a 
= Erie upon ee found qualified a 
ondu€ted, according to form, in their ow 
ight was queftioned in 1608, but add 
by the “then see eerie arehbifhop Bancroft, in favour of 
Wykeham’s rae 
Many ben o fhee contributed to augment the pro- 
fperity of thie ‘college befides the founder, but only one ap- 
peared during his life-time. This was John de Buckingham, 
bifhop of Lincoln, who prefented to the fociety the advow- 
fon of Swalcliffe church, together with fome adjacent lands. 
Of the fubfequent donors, the principal were Thomas 
Beckington, bifhopof Bath ; Robert Shireburn, bifhop of 
Chichefter ; John Smyth, a burgher of Ipfwich; Dr. 
Flefhmonger, dean of Chichefter ; : _ Chriftopher Rawlins, 
vicar of Alderbury in 1589. e affiftance of thefe, 
and numerous {maller benefactions, te fociety became one 
chorifters. e whole of the rate sae be eleGted fon 
Winchefter, at a regular meeting for that purpofe, which is 
attended e wardens of both colleges, two fellows of 
propriety, retained that appellation through every fucceed- 
ing age. 
The k buildings of this college are extenfive, diverfified, and 
interefting. As originally projected by the founder, they con- 
fifted of a {fpacious quadrangle, including the chapel, hal! and 
library, with a {mall quadrangle rape called the cloif- 
ters. The other buildings which form the garden court con- 
ftitute an addition to the original cece, and were built in 
1684, in imitation either of the palace of Verfailles, or of 
the king’s houfe at Winchefter. The approach to the 
great quadrangle is by a portal, with a tower above, which 
itil retains the fculptured efligy of Wykeham in one of its 
ornamented niches. The chapel and hall on the north fide 
of the great court prefent as fine an elevation as any in the 
univerfity. The former i is peculiarly beautiful and chafte in 
its interior decorations. choir a er ttru€ture is 100 
different ftyles of execition. None of them, however, 
with refpe& to defign or beauty of .co- 
eft 
ome near, either 
louring, to the great welt window, which probably equals 
any pe effort in th rial art in Great Britain. It 
pid 
was executed by Jervais from finifhed cartoons oy fir Jofhua 
Re yno ae refenting 
the “Nativity, and the lower feven fears iba of the 
Chriftian and cardinal yen The famous crozier of the 
founder is preferved in this el: and over the altar table 
are fome beautiful piney of ia oa a the chiffel of 
Richa rd pear e 
c 
church thofe of St. Mildred and St. Michael, under the ge- 
neral name of the firft. This fociety he appointed ia ae 
parfons of the collegiate church, and inte — to have ereed 
buildings for the reception of its members, but was pre- 
vented by death from executing his ree ied views. They 
continued to retide, therefore, in a tenement called Deep- hall, 
till the original detign of the prefent college was complete 
e munificent exertion: of bifhop Rotheram, who w 
afterwards archbifhop of York. This prelate likewife in- 
creafed the number of fellows from feven to twelve, and 
f-amed a body of ftatutes for the government of the fociety. 
Various other benefaGtors have arifen fince that period, 
among whom bifhop Smyth, the founder of Brazen-Nofe, 
Edward Darby, M.A. archdeacon of Stow, and Nathaniel, 
lord Crew, bifhop of Durham, were the principal ; the fo- 
ciety now confifts of a retor, twelve fellows, eight ‘{cholars, 
twelve Sadia and a bible clerk. The bifhop of Lin- 
coln is vifito 
The chek buildings of this ellen compofe two quadran- 
gular courts, e firft court, began foon after the founder's 
death, and finithe d by bi bifhop Rotheram, ftill retains much of 
the chara er of ancient collegiate e ftru€@tures. It contains 
the hall, the libr 
exception of fix fets of rooms, which were added in 1759. 
The chief ornament of this court is the chapel, built at the 
expence of Dr. John Williams, bifhop of Lincoln. 
All-Souls College was founded, in the year 1437, by Henry 
Chichele, archbifhop cf Canterbury, who oat on king 
Heary VI. to affume the title of co-founder. Chichele, 
however, retained all legiflative power ref{peCting the new 
eftablifhment, and- drew up a code of itatutes, after the 
model of thofe promulgated by bifhop Wykeham. By 
thefe ftatutes, in conformity with the charter, the fociety 
was made to confi't of a warden and twenty fellows, of whom 
fixteen were to ftudy the civil and canon Jaws, and the re- 
mainder philofophy, and the arts, and divinity. Chaplains, 
clerks, and chorifters were likewife added for the fervice 
of the chapel. Numerous benefaétors’ have enriched this 
college at different periods, by whofe conjunét donations the 
fociety has been enabled to augment the number of its mem- 
bersto a warden, forty fellows, two chaplains, and fix clerks 
and chorifters. ‘The warden 1s elected in the fame manner as 
the warden ae Merton college. The archbifhop of Canter- 
bury is vifito 
The bulaings of this college conftitute two large quad- 
ne of which is entered from ligh- itreet, and the 
er was erected by 
the founder, and though in fome as niger, ftill pre- 
ferves 
