Manchester Memoirs, Vol. Ixii. (1918), No. 8. 9 



and incurved fronds. Adiantum reniforme, Asplenium canariense- 

 and hemionitis also require little moisture, but prefer shade. 



The following additional plants are characteristic of this zone, 

 some of them, however, extending into the overlying one : — Crambe 

 strigosa ; Lavatera phcenicea and acerifolia ; Hypericum floribundum, 

 canariense, glandulosum and reflexum ; Rhamnus crenulata ; Pistacia 

 atlantica ; Lotus sessilifolius and dumetorum ; Retdma Spachii ; 

 Polycarpaa carnosa, nivea and filifolia ; Paronychia canariensis ; 

 Bryonia verrucosa ; Monium, several species in addition to those 

 mentioned — e.g. A . urbicum ; Bupleurum aciphyllum ; Ferula Linkii ; 

 Rubia fruticosa ; Pterocephalus virens (Dipsacese) ; Phagnalon um- 

 belliforme, saxatile and rupestre; Inula viscosa; Allagopappus dicho- 

 tomus ; Aster icus spinosus ; Argyranthemum frutescens and gracile ; 

 Gonospermum fruticosum ; Artemisia canariensis ; Senecio tussilaginis 

 and echinatus ; Tolpis coronopifolia and laciniata ; Andryala pinnati- 

 fida ; Picridium tingitanum ; Withania aristata and frutescens 

 (Solanaceae) ; Adhatoda hyssopifolia (Acanthaceae) ; Micromeria 

 varia ; Salvia canariensis ; Globularia salicina ; Plantago arborescens ; 

 Achyranthus argentea (Amarantacese) ; Bosia yervamora (Cheno- 

 podiacese) ; Rumex lunaria ; Urtica stachyoides, Parietaria fila- 

 mentosa ; Dracunculus canariensis ; Habenaria tridactylites ; Pan- 

 cratium canariense; Asparagus scoparius, umbellatus and albus; 

 Asphoddus ramosus and fistulosus ; S cilia maritima ; Avena uniflora ; 

 Trisetum neglectum, var. canariense. 



Weeds {Casuals, Aliens, Denizens, etc.) of the Coast Region 



An attempt to classify the " weeds " (in a broad sense) of the 

 road-sides, cultivated lands and waste places brings out clearly the 

 fact that the Canaries have received contributions from the most 

 varied regions, but that the Mediterranean and North African 

 element strongly predominates, while endemic forms are almost 

 entirely wanting. 



(1) Cosmopolitan : 



Fumaria (officinalis, etc.), Silene inflata, Calendula arvensis, 

 Bidens pilosa, Plantago major and lanceolata. 



(2) Mediterranean and North African : 



Sisymbrium millefolium, Koniga maritima, Helianthemum 

 guttatum, Er odium (various species), Fagonia cretica, Psoralea bitu- 

 minosa, Medicago (various species), Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, 

 Centqurea melitensis and calcitrapa, Cinara horrida, Scolymus macu- 

 latus and hispanicus, Wahlenbergia lobelioides, Convolvulus althce- 

 oides and Siculus ; Datura metel, Echium violaccum, Cynoglossum 

 pictum, Anchusa italica, Linaria grceca, Salvia cegyptiaca, Plantago 

 (various species), Lamar ckia aurea. 



(3) Subtropical and various : 



Sida rhombifolia and carpinifolia, Oxalis cernua, Acacia 

 Farnesiana, Cassia (two species), Gomphocarpus fruticosus, Asclepias 

 curassavica, Nicotiana glauca, Ricinus communis, Aloe vulgaris, 

 Oxalis cernua, of which the double-flowered form, reproduced by 



