Compound Ammonias by Inverse Substitution. 



157 



Ascent. 

 JI3N+ (C f H,)Br = [(C,H„) H 3 N]B r 



Ammonia. Bromide of ethyle. Bromide of Ethylammonium. 

 (C 2 H 3 ) H 2 N+ (C 2 H 5 )Br = [(C 2 H 5 ) g H 2 N] Br 



Ethylamine. Bromide of Diethylammonium, 



(C 2 H 5 ) 2 HN + (C 2 H 5 )Br = [(C,H,),HN]Br 

 Diethylamine. 

 (C 2 H 5 ) 3 N+ (C 2 H 6 )Br 



Triethylamine. 



Bromide of Triethylammonium. 



= [(C a H,) 4 N]Br 

 Bromide of Tetrethylammonium. 

 Note.— H = l ; C=12. 



[(C,H 5 ) 4 



Descent. 

 N]C1 = (C 2 H 5 )C1 + (C 2 H 5 ) 3 



N 



Chloride of Tetrethylammonium. , Chloride of Ethyle. Triethylamine. 



[(C 2 H g ) 3 H N]C1 = (C 2 H 5 )C1 + (C 2 H 5 ) 2 HN 



Chloride of Triethylammonium. Diethylamine. 



[(C 2 H 5 ) 2 H 2 N]C1 = (C 2 H 5 )C1 + (C 2 H 5 )H 2 N 



Chlorideof Diethylammonium. 



[(C 2 H 5 ) H 3 N]C1 = (C 3 H 5 )GI + 



Ethylamine. 



H 3 N 



Chloride of Ethylammonium. 



The above reactions, interesting when regarded from a scientific 

 point of view, admit of but limited application in practice. The 

 purity of the result is disturbed by several circumstances, which 

 it is difficult to exclude. Unless the temperature be sufficiently 

 high, a small portion of the ammonium-salt submitted to distillation 

 sublimes without change ; again, a portion of the same salt is repro- 

 duced in the neck of the retort and in the receiver*, from the very 

 constituents into which it splits ; lastly, if the temperature be too 

 high, the chloride of ethyle is apt to be decomposed into ethylene 

 and hydrochloric acid, the latter producing, with the monamine 

 liberated in the reaction, a salt which in its turn is likewise decom- 

 posed. 



Thus the chloride of diethylammonium, for instance, together with 

 chloride of ethyle and ethylamine, yields ethylene and chloride of 

 ethylammonium which splits into chloride of ethyle and ammonia. 



The idea naturally suggested itself, to attempt, by means of this 



This inconvenience may be partly obviated by distilling into an acid. 



