SCIENCE. 



255 



to be injured less, but are ready to crumble, and I think 

 they are many times nearly as much impaired, and always 

 somewhat injured, when water produces any injury. 



I would remark that my experiments with granites 

 show that there is quite a range in their capabilities of 

 standing heat, a range in fact much greater than I antici- 

 pated. With the sandstones the difference is also marked, 

 a? is their power of absorption. When exposed to the 

 heat wet, they show a marked difference in the time re- 

 quired to heat them, the saturated ones seeming to resist 

 the heat for a time ; but when equally hot they crumble 

 the same as those not previously saturated. Their rela- 

 tive worth can be seen by the table. The conglomerates 



stand heat badly ; while the limestones and marble stand 

 best of all (up to the point where they.by continued heat, 

 are changed to quick lime) except soapstone, and a 

 species of artificial stone made under the McMurtire & 

 Chamberlain patent. The indications are, from this and 

 other samples of artificial stone, that it may be possible 

 to make an artificial stone cheaper and better for fire 

 proof buildings than our native quarries furnish; and we 

 hope this possibility may receive attention. But corn- 

 men's are useless, as the facts set forth in the tables 

 speak for themselves. 



I give you results in tabulated form below. 



GRANITES. 



No. 



KIND. 



LOCALITY. 



Light colored Hallowell, Me 



" Fox Island, Me _. 



Denning's Quarry j Mt. Desert, Me 



Light colored. Rockford, Me 



Red Red Beach, Calais, Me. 



Light colored Oak Hill, Me 



Red -: Stark, N. H 



Colored medium Concord, N. H 



Sanborn's Quarry Plymouth, N. H .. 



oodbury, Vt... 



Wetmore & Morse's Quar/y.. I Barre, Vt. 



Syenite : Quincy, Mass... 



Gray Croton, Conn 



Common.. j Woodstock, Md. 



" Port Deposit, Md 



Scranton County Quarry ' Richmond, Va 



Old Dominion Quarry 



Ligh t colored 



Weight 

 Specific of One 

 Gravity. Cubic 

 Foot. 



Coarse 



St. Cloud, Minn. 



Stanstead, P. Q 



North Halifax, N. S 



Gauauogue, P. O., Can. 



2.638 

 2.642 

 2.631 

 2.600 

 2.636 

 2.526 

 2.631 

 2.636 

 2.640 

 2.647 

 2.654 

 2.651 

 2.660 

 2.800 

 2.648 

 2.700 

 2.727 

 2.674 

 2.690 

 2833 

 2.698 

 2.687 



Lbs. 



164.8 

 165. 1 

 164. 1 

 162.5 

 164.7 

 157.8 

 164.1 

 164.7 

 165.5 

 165.4 

 165.8 

 165.6 

 166.2 

 175.0 

 1655 

 168.7 

 1705 

 167.7 

 168.2 

 177.0 

 168.6 

 167.9 



Ratio of 

 Absorp- 

 tion. 



j + 790 

 1+680 

 1 +716 

 1+482 

 1+560 

 1 + 3 10 

 !+534 

 1 + 778 

 1+685 

 1 + 790 

 1+784 

 i + 720 

 1 + 650 

 1+818 

 '+394 

 1+816 

 1 + 398 

 1 +402 

 1 + 280 

 1 +420 

 1 + 584 

 1 + 736 



First Crumbles 

 Appear- j or 

 ance of Cracks 

 Injury. : Slightly. 



Deg. Fah. 



800 

 700 

 800 

 600 

 800 

 800 

 600 

 800 

 800 

 800 

 800 

 too 

 75o 

 700 

 700 

 800 

 75° 

 75° 

 [ 7°° 

 800 

 700 



Deg. Fah. 

 goo 



800 

 850 

 800 

 850 

 850 

 700 

 900 

 900 

 900 

 900 

 900 

 800 

 75° 

 75° 

 900 

 800 

 800 

 700 

 900 

 800 

 850 



Cracks 



Badly 



or 



Becomes 



Friable. 



Deg. Fah. 



95o 

 850 



95° 

 850 

 900 

 qoo 

 800 

 950 

 95° 

 95° 

 950 

 950 

 850 

 800 

 800 

 95° 

 850 

 850 

 800 

 1000 

 800 

 900 



Injured 

 so as to be 



Worth- 

 less for a 

 Building. 



Deg. Fah. 

 1000 



900 

 1000 



900 



95° 



950 



850 

 1000 

 1000 

 1000 

 1000 

 1000 



900 



900 



900 

 1000 



goo 



900 



850 

 1000 



goo 



950 



Melted 



or 

 Ruined. 



Deg. Fah. 

 1 100 

 1000 

 1 100 



95o 

 1000 

 1000 



950 

 1200 

 1200 

 1200 

 1200 

 1200 

 1000 



goo 



goo 

 1 100 



lOOo 



IOOO 

 goo 

 1200 



900 



IOOO 



SANDSTONE. 



Freestone 



Seneca Stone . 



Sandstone 



Montrose Stone 



Freestone 



S. Carboniferous 



Freestone 



Cincinnati Stone... 

 Potsdam Sandstone. 



Berlin.Stone 



Potsdam 



Euclid Stone 



Berea Stone 



Amherst Stone 



Brown Stone 



Potsdam Sandstone. 

 Sandstone 



Freestone 



Brown Stone 



Portland, Conn I 2.380 148.7 1+ 27 850 



North of Enjland 2.163 135.5 1+ 27 850 



Montgomery Co., Md 2.500 156.2 1+ 26 850 



Salem, Md 2.452 153.2 1+24 850 



Seneca, Md.. 2.410 150.6 1+ 40 goo 



Ulster Co., N. Y 2.661 166.3 '+3 r 4 9 or ' 



Belleville, N. J 2350 146.8 1+ 27 900 



Nova Scotia 2.424 151.5 1+240 900 



Br. Phillipe, N. S 2.353 147.0 1+ 19 goo 



Dorchester, N. B 2.363 147-7 I+ 2 6 800 



Cincinnati, O 2.188 136. 1 1+23 goo 



McBride's Corners, O 2.333 H5-8 r + z8 800 



Cleveland, O 2.210 138. 1 1+ 22 850 



McBride's Corners, O.. . 2.500 156.2 1+22 850 



Near Cleveland, 2.290 143.1 1 + 35 850 



Berea, 2.254 140.8 1+20 850 



Amherst, 2.200 , 137.5 I+ J 8 850 



Humbletown, Pcnn 2.346 I 146.6 1+ 28 850 



Beauharnois, P. Q 2.512 , 157.0 1+ 38 850 



Murray Bay, P. Q 2.577 ! 161.0 1+ 36 goo 



Cheat River, W. Va 2.632 I 164.5 I+ 80 8do 



Acqua Creek, Va ... 2.183 ' 1)6.4 1+ 16 goo 



Manasses, Va 2.348 j 146.7 1+ 17 850 



goo 

 900 

 goo 

 900 



IOOO 

 IOOO 



950 

 950 

 950 

 850 

 950 

 850 



goo 

 goo 

 900 

 900 

 900 

 900 

 goo 

 95o 

 850 

 95° 

 900 



95° 



95° 



goo 



950 

 1 100 

 1 100 



IOOO 

 IOOO 



950 



900 



IOOO 



900 



IOOO 



950 

 950 

 950 



changes 

 95° 

 953 



IOOO 



900 



IOOO 

 IOOO 



IOOO 



950 

 950 



IOOO 



1200 

 1200 

 1 100 



1 100 



IOOO 

 IOOO 



1 1 00 



IOOO 



1 100 



IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 



color. 



IOOO 

 IOOO 



1 100 



IOOO 



I IOO 

 1 100 



I IOO 

 IOOO 



950 



IIOO 



1200 

 1200 



IIOO 

 IIOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IIOO 

 IIOO 

 IIOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IOOO 

 IIOO 

 IIOO 



1200 

 1200 



LIMESTONE. 



Limestone Baltimore, Md 2.917 



" I Bedford, Ind 2.47S 



Cincinnati Limestone Hamilton County, O. ... 2.204 



Potts Blue j Springfield, Penn. 2.606 



Dolomite Limestone Owen Sound P. O 2.571 



Trenton Limestone . Montreal, P. Q 2.706 



Limestone ; Isle La Motte, Vt 2.656 



181 



8 



154 



8 



137 



7 



166 



6 



160 



6 



169 



1 



168 



5 



340 

 28 1 

 28 



2 So 

 481 . 

 3'6 



3-"' 



900 

 850 

 850 

 850 

 850 

 goo 

 950 



IOOO 



IIOO 



900 



IO JO 



900 



950 



850 



goo 



goo 



[ 100 



950 



IOOO 



IOOO 



HO J 



1200 



1203 

 1200 

 IODO 

 I200 

 I20O 

 I200 



I200 

 I200 

 I200 

 I200 

 I200 

 I200 

 I20O 



CONGLOMERATES. 



Conglomerate Roxbury, Mass 



Potomac Stone ' Point of Rocks, Md 



Conglomerate I Cape a La Aisle, P. Q . . 



2.708 



169.2 



2.724 



170.2 



'-'•645 1 



165-3 



i+49 

 i +60 



700 

 600 

 600 



800 

 700 

 700 



goo 

 800 

 800 



1000 

 goo 

 900 



1000 

 900 

 900 



