354 Dr. Gr. Gore on the Loss of Voltaic Energy/ 



These numbers represent the relative amounts of voltaic 

 energy exerted with zinc, by one part by weight of each of 

 the substances, when added to one of the portions of water, 

 and show that the electro-negative energy (or power of ex- 

 citing a voltaic couple) of the halogens chlorine, bromine, 

 and iodine is very greatly reduced by their chemical union 

 with potassium, and that of the resulting compound is still 

 further reduced by additional union with oxygen. 



In order to ascertain whether the energy was diminished 

 by every additional different substance added to and chemi- 

 cally united with the original substance, or with the subse- 

 quently formed group of bodies, I made the following measure- 

 ments with substances in the proportions of their molecular 

 weights. The chemical compounds formed may be recognized 

 by having the smallest amounts of voltaic energy (see " A 

 Method of Detecting Dissolved Chemical Compounds and their 

 Combining Proportions," Proc.Roy. Soc. January 19th, 1889), 

 and are indicated by a x . Distilled water was employed in 

 making all the solutions, and the substances used were suf- 

 ficiently pure for the purpose. 





Table 11. 











KCIO3 + KCI. 









KCl 



Between Parts of 



1 part in Water. Temp. 



. . 695,067 and 704,540 at 12° C. 



Average. 

 1 part in 



699,803 



4KCIO3 + 5KCI .. 



56 



63 



20 



59-5 



4 „ +4 „ X 



50 



56 



20 



53 



4 „ +3 „ ., 



55 



63 



20 



59 





221 



258 



10 



239 



In this case the mean relative amount of voltaic energy of 

 the original substances averaged 350,021, and was reduced to 

 53 by the formation of a definite chemical compound having 

 the formula KCIO3, KCl. 



In order to reduce the voltaic energy still further I used 

 the following substances : — 



