358 



Loss of Voltaic Energy of Electrolytes. 



to carry the process of reduction further. It would have 

 been easy to have commenced with chlorine, and carried the 

 reduction down to the above negative number ; and still 

 further (see " Relative Amounts of Voltaic Energy of Elec- 

 trolytes," Proc. Eoy. Soc. January 17th, 1889). 



In all these cases every addition to the degree of com- 

 plexity of the definite compounds formed by the addition of 

 a proper proportion of a substance of different chemical com- 

 position, was attended by a large decrease of the voltaic 

 energy, and the relative amount of electro-negative energy 

 varied inversely with the degree of molecular complexity of 

 the substance. 



In the next two instances the successive losses of energy, 

 attending the neutralization of a polybasic substance by suc- 

 cessive additions to it of single molecular proportions at a 

 time of a monobasic substance to combine with it, are shown. 



NaCl 



Na,HPO,+NaCl 

 2 „ +3 „ 



+ 2 

 + 5 

 + 3 

 + 7 



Table IX. 

 NaCl + Na2HP04. 



Between Parts of 



1 part in Water Temp. 



193,750 and 221,428 at 15° C. 



738 

 662 

 656 

 637 

 574 

 659 

 1,900 



820 

 738 

 724 

 704 

 637 

 738 

 2,214 



13 

 13 

 13 

 13 

 13 

 13 

 15 



1 part 

 in 

 207,589 



779 



700 



690 

 670 

 605 

 698 

 2,057 



Na^HPO, 



LCl + Na.HPO,.. 



2 „ + „ 



4 „ -h „ 



Table X. 

 NasHPO^ + LCl. 



Between Parts of 



1 part in Water 



1,900 and 2,214 



-993 



-1,371 



-1,476 



- 1,230 



193 



-1,107 

 -1,409 

 -1,640 

 -1,360 

 215 



Temp, 

 at 15° C. 

 13 

 13 

 13 

 13 

 16 



1 part 

 in 



2,057 



—1,050 



-1,390 



-1,558 



-1,295 



204 



