432 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 
Eupatorium tribe needs restatement with greater detail, namely the 
apical appendage of the anthers. It has long been customary to 
separate the subtribe Piquerinae on the ground that this apical ap- 
pendage was there absent, yet to this subtribe have been referred 
several genera, such as Adenostemma, Gymnocoronis, H artwrightia, 
Podophania, Decachaeta, Helogyne, and Eupatoriopsis, which exhibit 
such an apical appendage in various degrees of development, while in 
Eupatorium proper there are several species in which the appendage 
is decidedly rudimentary. It will thus be seen that the distinction 
between the Piquerinae and the Ageratinae breaks down completely 
unless it can be supplemented by other characters or restated with 
proper qualification. Persistent search has failed to discover any 
correlated differences, so it is necessary to make the most of the anther- 
appendage. 
Examination of the typical Piquerinae, such as Piqueria, Ophr a 
porus, ete., shows that the anthers are entirely destitute of apical 
appendage, nor is the connective upwardly thickened or expanded in 
a way to cover the cells. If, however, the doubtful genera above 
mentioned are examined, it becomes evident that the rudimentary 
appendage assumes several distinguishable forms. In Decachaeta 
and Podophania it consists merely of an exceedingly short cushion-like 
expansion of the dilated summit of the connective. The connective 
‘is thus without change of texture broadened out until it partially ss 
entirely covers the apices of the loculi, the whole anther being de- 
cidedly blunt or even slightly retuse. It is to be noted that there . 
here no membranaceous appendage in the stricter sense, and it seems 
best to retain these genera in the Piquerinae. : 
The next stage in the development of the apical appendage 1s or 
in the three genera Adenostemma, Gymnocoronis, and H artwrightia. 
In these there appears always to be at least a very short and co 
retuse membranous appendage. This may be a single or — 
structure or in Adenostemma it is sometimes so deeply divided in ca 
middle that it virtually becomes two small membranous tips crowning 
and slightly prolonging the two loculi. In other respects these eo 
genera manifest striking similarities, such as the form of the core 
and especially in the uniforml y glandular faces of the achenes. Bo r 
on account of the seemingly close relationship among themselves ” 
in order to permit a more precise definition of the Piquerinae it pa 
desirable to class these three genera in a new co-ordinate subtribe, t 
Adenostemmatinae. the 
In Helogyne and Eupatoriopsis the apical appendage assumes 
fecal EAA Tas, eo. 
