COMPOSITAE NEW AND TRANSFERRED. 521 
persistent squamellae united into a low denticulate crown, from the 
latter in habit and achenial characters, as also in range, the species of 
Helianthella being West American and Mexican, of Phoebanthus 
Floridan. The species of Helianthella, which after the exclusion of 
Enceliopsis and Pseudo-helianthus of the Synoptical Flora are restricted 
to the subgenus “ Helianthella proper” of that work, are perennial 
herbs with rather few lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate usually ample 
leaves, alternate or opposite, of which the basal are generally much 
larger, phyllaries for the most part herbaceous or often enlarged and 
foliaceous, and achenes very strongly flattened (as in Encelia), on the 
margin villous or glabrate, with 2 longer or shorter awns and a corona 
of thin squamellae of varying length, united below or distinct to the 
base. 
Although the genus Helianthella on its first publication (Torr. & 
Gray, l. c.) was divided into two groups, of which the first (§1, without 
name) contained only the two species here referred to Phoebanthus, 
while the second had three species (H. Douglasii, H. lanceolata, and 
H. uniflora) all still retained in Helianthella, 1 have not thought it 
advisable to consider the H. grandiflora group as typical, on the ground 
of priority of position, and to create a new name for the second group, 
both because a considerably greater number of name changes would be 
involved and because the H. Douglasii group was considered by Gray 
himself (see Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 9 (1883); Syn. FI. i. pt. 2. 284 (1884)) 
as typical of the genus. 
Pionocarpus Blake, n. genus Helianth.-V erbesin.— Capitula hetero- 
gama radiata, floribus radii 1-seriatis neutralibus disci hermaphro- 
ditis fertilibus. Involucrum hemisphaericum, bracteis 2-seriatis 
(exterioribus paullulo brevioribus) anguste ovato-lanceolatis acumi- 
natis herbaceis subcostatis plus minusve piloso-hispido-ciliatis. Re- 
ceptaculum convexum, paleis complicatis acuminatis flores disci am- 
plectentibus onustum. Corollae radii ligulatae patentes oblongae; 
disci regulares, tubo brevissimo faucibus cylindraceis limbo 5-dentato. 
Antherae basi cordato-sagittatae apice appendice ovata obtusa prae- 
ditae. Styli rami lineares_hirti appendice lineari-lanceolata longa 
hirtella praediti. Achaenia radii inania; disci oblonga pubescentia 
nata. Pappus persistens ex aristis 2 subaequalibus subtenuibus et 
Squamellis ca. 10 multo minoribus laceratis basi ima unitis interdum 
una duabusve elongatis compositus.— Herba perennis subscaposa e 
tadice verticali crassa tuberiformi. Caulis parcissime ramosus ca. 
4-cephalus, Folia maxima ex parte radicalia lineari-lanceolata 
