6 Original Articles. [Jan., 



respect of such further subject in which he is successful " (' Directory' 

 of 1864, Eule xix.) ; and again, " Payments are only made on the 

 foregoing scale when they amount to not more than 60Z. ; when on 

 this scale they would amount to more than 60Z., the excess up to 40Z. 

 is diminished by one quarter ; the excess above 401. by one-half." 

 (Ibid., Eule xx.) And not only were the emoluments of the teachers 

 cut down, but their duties were increased to an unnecessary degree, 

 the State requiring them in some instances to perform herculanean 

 feats of intellect. In fact, the object of all these changes was suffi- 

 ciently obvious ; it was to increase the labour and diminish the 

 emoluments of the teacher to such a degree as to compel him to dis- 

 pense with the State aid altogether. 



We will give one or two illustrations of the operation of these 

 minutes, and of the wisdom and justice by which they were dictated. 

 Let us suppose that in 1860 a first-grade teacher was imparting 

 instruction in one subject to five pupils, of whom three gained first- 

 class and two second-class prizes ; he would receive from the State 20Z. 

 (4Z. per head) on his certificate, and 131. prize-money ; and suppose 

 that, continuing to teach the same class in 1861, the three first-class 

 prizemen again took first-class prizes and medals in addition, and that 

 the two second-class men improved the grade of their prizes, he would 

 receive no remuneration on the medallists, but still 201. on his certifi- 

 cate and 15Z. prize money=35Z., an advance of 21. for the increased 

 proficiency of his pupils ; being in all a sum of 68Z. for delivering 

 80 lectures at least to his class in two years. 



But now, let us suppose the same teacher to be at work in 1863 

 and 1864 under precisely the same conditions, and under the revised 

 code, and what would be the result ? 



In 1863 he would receive no " certificate " money, but 23Z. on 

 "results," and in 1864, when his five pupils had increased in pro- 

 ficiency in the degree named above, he would receive nothing upon his 

 three best pupils who had taken medals, and 21. upon the two who had 

 risen in the scale of prizemen ! In short, he would have delivered at 

 least 80 lectures in two years, and instead of the moderate sum of 

 68Z. under the old regulations, he would receive the munificent sum of 

 251. (231. the first year, and 21. the second) for imparting Science in- 

 struction to those " who are unable to help themselves ! " 



But it may be thought that we have selected or supposed the 

 worst possible case to illustrate the operation of the new minutes. 

 This is not the fact ; there are worse cases actually in existence. 

 When the Liverpool school was first started in 1861, it supported two 

 lecturers, one gentleman being one of the most successful teachers that 

 had been called into existence by the Department, and the other a 

 medical man, of high scientific and literary attainments, and a graduate 

 of Oxford University. The number of regular students in the school 

 was about 130 ; and for imparting instruction to these, the Govern- 

 ment grant amounted to about 140Z. or 150Z. In 1864 the school had 

 materially extended its operations, and possessed two teachers in 

 addition to those referred to ; the number of students remained about 

 the same (125), but these had attained a much greater degree of profi- 



