1865.] The New Zealand Flora. 165 



Island; and in 1839, ascended the lofty, active volcano Tongariro, 

 incurring considerable danger. 



The same mountains have been still better explored by Dr. Munro, 

 who has added many beautiful Alpine species to the ' New Zealand 

 Flora.' 



In 1840, Dr. Dieffenbach visited many parts of the Northern 

 Island and northern part of the Middle Island, and is the first person 

 who ascended Mount Egmont. 



The great opportunities enjoyed by the distinguished geologist 

 and explorer, Julius Haast, Esq., F.L.S., F.G.S., Government 

 Geologist of Canterbury, have been used to the best advantage in 

 the furtherance of botanical science, he having contributed more new 

 species to the Flora of the islands than any collector since Mr. 

 Colenso. 



From the Otago province, Dr. Hooker had an excellent herbarium 

 of Dunedin plants, made by Dr. Lander Lindsey, F.L.S. ; and more 

 recently, very extensive and valuable collections, containing much 

 novelty, from the Alps of the interior and west coasts, by another 

 eminent geologist, Dr. Hector, F.G.S., Government Geologist, and 

 Mr. Buchanan, his assistant. 



To render the Handbook more complete, Dr. Hooker has included 

 Chatham and Kermadec Islands, Lord Auckland's group, and Camp- 

 bell's Island. Of about 100 flowering plants, natives of these small 

 groups, no less than 27 are hitherto unknown in New Zealand proper, 

 including three genera and twelve most conspicuous and singular 

 species — viz. Ligusticum latifolium and antipodum, Pleurophyllum (two 

 species), Celmisia vernicosa, Gentiana (two species), Plantago antarc- 

 tica, Ghiloglottis cornuta, Antherieum Mossii, Mosikovia (two species). 



Of the 303 New Zealand genera of flowering plants described in 

 this part, about 252 (containing 222 species and 51 representatives) 

 are common to Australia ; 174 (containing 11 species and 32 repre- 

 sentatives) to South America; 31 are peculiar to the group (com- 

 prising 59 species) ; and 6 (with 20 species) are found in the Pacific 

 Islands and elsewhere, but not in Australia or South America. 



Again, of the 935 species of flowering plants, 677 are peculiar to 

 the Islands, 222 are Australian, and 111 American. There are, 

 further, 51 Australian representative, and 32 American representative 

 species. 



Comparing New Zealand with Europe, these countries have 115 

 genera and 58 species in common, the latter including many water- 

 plants and several land-plants, which are doubtful natives. Of these 

 European genera, the shrubby Veronicas and Ligusticum are the only 

 ones that appear to be vastly more numerous in New Zealand than in 

 Europe. 



The work is a most able and valuable one, and cannot fail to 

 promote the study of botany in New Zealand, and thus to add to our 

 knowledge of the distribution of plants. It is prefaced by brief out- 

 lines of botany from Bentham's ' Flora Australiensis,' with a glossary, 

 and a classification of the orders, and genera. 



