FOR 
fion of eat: more fas beauty, is aimed at, too much 
orce- canno t be giv ae them = full and. rich relievo 
heightens ee oon e, e, and gives a dignity to the other 
qualities of the work, uk. without that, wo -be tame 
mind 
of ordinary intereft, and In all se aie of ftill life, 
it cannot fail of being be onda where the nearer the ob- 
jects appro aon in brilliancy of effe to nature, le more 
co is the work. 
t ae on a dark ground; parti- 
cularly if the figure is compofed of ftrong and vivid colours, 
fuch as red, or yellow, aided by white; and with fome of the 
fhadows darker than the ground, This contraft, properly 
perfected in the sh dali es produce deception ; ; giving 
the appearance complete detachment of the figure 
from the ground: efpecia ly “f feen ae por sBe cir- 
cumftances, and the boundary of the picture is hid. _ 
it is not on ihe kind of contraft aici that force 
depends; it has been often produced by fkilful mafters, with 
thofe of a lefs violent nature, at leaft not fo conf{picuoufly 
employed for the purpofe. A piéture mutt, aie in 
order to poneis it, have great oppofition in its parts ; 
though it is net necefla 7 bre thofe parts of different an 
ties come a nto immediate 
The m effective eranile of this quality in painting 
amon ihe en artifts, are the works of Michael Angelo, 
roa ed and Spagnoletto. "pit they have been bo th 
furpafled by our late royal academician Opie; whofe 
gures in many o se goers works appear actually 
relieved from the canvas, and embodied. But whatever 
degree each be pete: ar avis re en) a fingularity to paint- 
a they ts beauty, nor heightened its 
& in fablimity of e crerefion by the degree of force they 
have given to their works. 
The gratification of the mind in beholding the cartoons 
of Raphael, when the eye is accuftomed to their imperfea 
colouring, is a clear proof, that painting is not indebted 
. ae as its moft powerful fenfations on the human 
ough, when properly employed, it is a very valu- 
able tan to the other more valuable parts of the art. 
FORCELI ER, in Ceograpy, a eile of Naples, in 
Ps Ultra; 3 miles E. of T 
FORCEPS, in dgriculture, isa en which is applied 
to a fort of tool of the nipper kind, that is frequently em- 
ployed in ee broad-caft crops of corn, or oul forts 3 
and which m ed for various other pur 
ery, an inftrument ated to facilitate 
ument in movin g. and wn 
inftr 
she b head of ae child, In ufing the forceps, de acre 
FOR 
is to pafs two or three fingers, generally 0 of the right hand 
into the vagina, along the fide of the head of the hild, 
over the ear, if practicable ; and then, an the other hand, 
direé&t one of the blades of the forceps, anointed with lard, 
ng the handle we oe 
oman. 
eee that 3 in the courfe of extraGting the child, — 
mutt be done flowly and gradually, they 1 may not flip 
the head, and fubje& you to the trouble of aoa 
he 
em 
Some fpecies of forceps 2g ae to a been very ek ins 
troduced into the praétice of midw ‘find them 
tioned b i 
ore, neceflarily introduced into the vagina to-- 
gether, and there opened to take hold of the head of the: 
child. In this way, befides the danger, almoft inevitable, 
ute eri cn the woman, the ica of the: 
was aerate the bones of its fkull to be crufhed, andi 
its life to be roy 
uch mult hae ten the cafe on ufing the forceps dew 
{cribed and delineated by Albucafis, who is- fuppofe ed t 
have lived about the beginning of the twelfth century, 100. 
years after Avicenna; or thofe defcribed by Ruett, furgeon: 
at Zurich, in his bo ok ** De Conceptione et Generatione 
i reat credit is; therefore. 
of two moveable blades, that were’ 
roduced tena into the uterus, and to be united 
and ae together, after they had taken hold of the head. 
of the child. This was about the e year 1672. 
Chamberlen carefully: abftained from: giving: amy defcrip-- 
tion of his i oo Te 
n his 
uchmens,”’ spublith 6 ays, “€ My 
ones paecien s,.and mytelf, ( though none elfe in Europe: 
that I know,) have, by God’s blefling, and our induftry; 
attained “ and long praétifed a way te deliver women 
bea the head of the child, on account of fome difficulty, 
r difproportion, ¢annot pea -without any prejudice to- 
ants,”? &e. Chapman firft-publifhed:a- dé. 
See the articlé Edmund Chap-. 
e improvements,. he fays,. in theis- 
ee The ec fince been.in general ufé, and have re-. 
ceived’ various alterations, according to the-fancy of dif-- 
ferent practitioners,. ao by M. Levret;. A Dr... 
Johnfon, and Dr. Ofborne.. But: the moft ma material ‘and: 
valuable: ee were ads y Dr. Sm 
them the hing w generally ufed ; 
plified. their gas. eee reduced. them... seni 
hem, 
wifey, aoe in 17 32: 
zw.) He 
