FOREST. 
and Scots: the latter SS poffeffed the greateft part.of 
Europe ; 3 particularly Germany, Poland, Hunga 
n Cefar’s time it extended from the borders of Aifatia and 
Switzerland to Tranfylvania, and was span og fixty days 
journey aay he and nine broad: 
Q 
to refide in oS : te m 
“For the like toalbniy the ancient Druids made forefts the 
place of their refidence, and performed their facrifices, 
_. their youth, and gave laws in them. See 
RUID 
Foussn, ina Law-fenfe, is defined a certain territory 
ounds ne fruitful pa‘tures, privileged ‘for wild 
ci ba fowls. of foreft, chace, and warren, to reft and 
ae in, under te: ec of the king, for his recreation 
delight ; bounded with unremoveable marks 
cither know 
fice 
cuales and charaGters of a foreft are, firft, that: 
T ie 
it ine be in the hands of any but the king ; becaule none 
elfe had power to conftitute fuch commiffions as are necef- 
fary to the being of a foreft, befide hee king ; as, particu- 
may pn of juftice in eyre of the 
- commifiion. from . 
t the abbot of Witby hae 4 forett by grant of 
king "Henry II. and king John, with all officers ie ie 
theret 
; nate king referved to himfelf forefts for his own 
exclufive’ diverfion, fo granted out from time to time 
adits of land to ‘7 fubjettsy under the names of 
eh ate s (which fee), or gave them licences to make 
uch in ie wn grounds; which, indeed, are fmaller fo- 
ae in the hands of a fubje&, but not governed by the 
foreft-laws: and by the common law, no perfon is at liberty 
to take or kill any beafts of chace, but fuch as hath an an- 
cient pee or park; unlefs they be alfo beaits of prey. 
AM wever, the king grant a foreft toa 
fubjeG, ant granteth further, that upon requeft made in 
eharicery, the grantee.and his heirs fhall have juftices of the 
foreft, then the dubje& hath a foreft i in law. 4 Inft. 314. 
Cro. Jac. 155. 
The fecoud charaGter of a foreft is the courts belonging 
9 it, which are the juftice -feat, and the regard, held every 
third year ; the /wanimote or fwainemote, held thirice wise 
year; and he attachment, once every forty days. Seeea 
re{pedtive 
which is no lefs incident thereto than the court 0 
powder to a fair. - If that fail, it ceafes to be a forett, and 
commences a cha 
“'The third charaéterittic is the officers belonging to a 
foreft, for prefervation of the vert and venifon; as the juf- 
tices of the fore 
verderers, a 
ee 
Fore/t, Keere 
The beafts of "the “Forel are the following five, viz. the 
hart, hind, hare, boar, and wolf; the feafons for hunting 
agiftors, tegarders,” bailiffs, beadles, 
af which are as follow, viz. that ‘of the hart and buck -be- 
ut es moft effential mark of a foreft is the fwanimote, | 
» the warden, warder, or keeper, ranger,’ t 
FS, 8, 
nn — its proper article, JusTice of th e 
gins at the featt of St. John Beptit and ends at foly- ssa 
day; of the hind and doe begins at Holy-rood, and con- 
tinues till Candlemas; .of the boar, = Chriftmas to 
Candlemas ;. of the fox begins at Chrifimas, and continues 
are, oe. and lafts till 
certain a 
tende d, a 
be governed by the-laws of the forett ; and prohibits all per- 
fons from hunting there without his leave. 
He then appoints officers for the prefervation of the vert 
and venifon, and it then becomes a foreft on recor 
weod. C. 2. Senne the king may ereét a foreft on his 
for that ieee ought confir 
4 Inft. 300. oof of a foreft appears by matter of record, 
as by the ga = the juitices of the forefts, and er 
courts; and o of the foreits, &c.; and not by the 
me in grants. 12 a ae: 22. As parks are inclofed with 
wall, paling, or other appropriate fence.; fo forefts are in- 
lofed by meres and bounds, fuch as rivers, high-ways, 
hills; which are an inclofure in law, and without which it 
cannot be a foreft: and in the eye of the law, “ the bound- 
aries of a foreft go round about it, as it were a brick wall, 
dire€tly in a right line from the ene to the other, and they 
are known either by matter of — or prefcription.”? 
4 Inft. 317. oe of-a foreft may be afcertained by 
r e lord chancellor ;. and c ommiflioners, 
fheriffs, officers of ores, &c. are e wered to make in- 
see thereof. Stat. 16 & 17 Car. I. c.16. The bound- 
ries of a foreft are oe of a foreft; fo that if any perfon 
fail or hunt any of the king’s deer in any high-way, river, 
or other inclufive limit of a foreft, the offence is the fame as 
if committed within the foreft. 4 Inft. 318. There are 
two kinds of boundary : the one inclufive as to jurifdiGtion, 
fuch as highways, &c.; the other Se in hs pera 
as churches, church-yar ds, mills, houfes which 
bound the foreft, but are not ‘within the jntieon, Ibid. 
ut a manor, is » wood, &c. within a of a fo- 
reft, may, by the king’s charter; ‘be exe 
regard’ of the foreft. (Manw. 133.) ret 
exempted by prefcription; for. meres are eftablithed by the 
ftat. 6 Edw. I., and there can be no prefcription fince. 
ne ah By the grant of a foreft, the game of the foreft 
* Forelts are of fo great 7 in England, (except the 
New foreft'in Hamphhire, ere y William, calla the Con- 
eh) 
ct 
ao 
19. 
Sherwood, Deats ad Windfor forefts. New Foreft, fe 
called from its being. newly added to the feveral forefts pre- 
vioufly poffeffed by the crown, was afforefted by William I.- 
(the Conqueror) ; concerning which eae ‘infor “ke us, 
that it was made aying: wafte a country of above 3a 
miles in extent, driving out all the cee pret s 
all their dwellings, not _Aparin even their churches, 22, 
or’ as: fome fay 
ient 
