FOOT. 
The Latins ufed to confer the epithet varé on patients 
aMifted with a preternatural inclination of the feet Inwar 
and the expreffion valgi was soy to juch perfons as had 
their ea Neeson 00 much out 
wer 
re foot is diftorted siwatdss which is moft come . 
‘mon the vere umes more or lefs a perpendicular. pofition, 
and ‘is occafivally turned quite backward, the patient be- 
See — to walk on the external edge of the 
oot. 
times both. 
able in the mis-fhapen part. The foot is 
backward, fo that the inftep feems very much eb er 
ter is alfo appro 
obvious, that the internal edge of the fole of the foot mult 
be extremely concave, and the external one particularly con- 
ve 
je€ting external part o 
covering: the metatarfal bone of the little sigh me the os 
mparifon 
with a found foot, the tibia feems to incline obliquely from 
behind forward in its defcent to the aftragalus ; the heel is 
lefs prominent behind; and the muicles of the calf are 
fhortened. 
Little, or nothing, of hg internal cera can be i 
while the external an extrao ct ae 
tion, The kin of the i inner ankle is alfo cratderah y on the 
itre 
tch. 
The leg i andthigh, compared with the reft of the limbs, 
are always in an emaciated ftate. In aeleaeds children this 
cir a ene isnot obfervable. The is turned outward 
as well as the whole thigh, while the ham is rolled in- 
ards 
The bones and mufcles are ftill sue pearing altered. 
On examination, Camper found the ne e aftragalus 
twifted, the fore part of the foot being Grawn j nward by 
‘tthe aGtion of the tibialis anticus and pofticus mufcles. ‘The 
sane mufcles confequently lofe their ftrength, and_no 
i in The 
mes more and more difplaced, 
and pufhed i The es calcis itfelf 
becomes approximated to bones of the tarfus by 
mof t Pe nemreald ad flexor brevis pollicis aie 
tion, ‘Neving aa all effetual power of oe oa ce 
mufcles of the ca 
any examinations by ai eGtion. 
i be fo changed in ei that 
and to 
its lower furface inclines obliquely inward, and the knob on 
iquely upward. T 
5 
i] 
S 
3 
@ 
: 
back 
ak: ° 
The following account is given by Cloflius of the examin= 
ation of two club-feets 
In the left foot, Nanaia only flightly affe€ted, nothing tn 
the leaft aban ph was 0 rved betwixt vd at and attia. 
alus. 
the Os caval was in 
with th 
remarked that th 
vexity of the os navicula - ad too are a flope at its 
outer edge, which was ease towards the fole; that tie 
third: cuneiform bone was ewhat fe fr rom the og 
ward at 
: fy powerfally on the third cun 
sto have pode va — ide ae the ie oo of the 
foot, nearer to the nal margin 
he moft vonfiderable ony 4 was in the aright foot.- 
bone were comprefied together. e furface, articulated 
with the tibia, was pufhed fo much cus ees. that 2 
confiderable portion of it in oppofed 
t 
1t. 
furface of the ota ei, “aid the malleolus externus con 
necte it, were both thrown more forward, out of 
their natural fituation. ‘The part of the aftragalus to which 
the malleolus a is joined, was with fome of ‘this lat- 
ter procefs abfo 
The tibia extended very erntaeed from above downward, 
and from behind forwar eos calcis, or elfe the pro- 
caberaice of the latter -was dasa upward, fo as to appear: 
fho 
aes 
whole of the aftragalus being diftorted in- 
and it follows, that its head of courfe projected exter- 
nally, and formed a prominence on the back of the 
t. 
The os naviculare was rightly connected with the three 
cuneiform bones, an 
in clofe contact 
Neither the os belie nor the os eu boides was at all 
narrower than the correfponding bone in the oppofite limb, 
fo that the great toe did not incline preternaturally towards 
the heel, though t oe may be the cafe when the deformity 
is very confidera 
Cloffius is of suiee that the diftertion originated as fol- 
lows: the tibialis pofticis mufcle had approximated the 
outer edge of the foot to the inner one, and: pera 
had occafioned a longitudinal excavation in the The 
fibres of the tendon of th e fam e mufcle, w ich. ran in a 
ery hollow tranfverfely, an 
the infep. a, CONVEX 3 a iene e the eid of the foot 
pointed downward confiderably, while the 03 calcis was 
rawn up very high; and hence arofe the diftortion of the 
hs bone and the palpable abforption of certain portions 
ort 
head and neck of the pirtamae are diminifhed, 
the pander pollicis pedis can aét with gre t efle€&t on the 
Co projecti 
. 
nS 
‘ 
