POE Nees: 
_founderies, to fubftitute ae for loam eee in many cafes 
number of articles of one kind aré to be caft, 
of ne ae is not an objedt of im- 
portance ; the fand is wet- 
ted fo much to render it fufficiently sep le that it is ne- 
. moulds to avoid the f an explo- 
are nf, and carriages 
gives oe to a we. ie 
a blaft-furnace 2 thefe 2 are « fupplied by a Gaal pipe 
of the Soe duft ufed 
time shy would ufe this fand, they 
k and tew it, eel times over, on a board about a 
box, into 
which it may fall from o oa is tewing is per- 
formed with a roller, or cyli Heels chou two feet long, and 
kind of knife, made of the 
en, takin a wo 
fort of m old, mould they fill cn: os ee before 
et and moderately moiftened : ne, the 
take wooden, or metalline models, or patterns a the things 
the metal ; iia fo Sifpofed. as 7 5 teen the ledge on one 
fide, and only to reach to the laft pattern on the other: 
from this are placed feveral leffer jets or branches, reaching 
to. each Cea whereby the metal is conveyed through the 
whole frame. 
This. ‘irk frame being thus finifhed, they turn it upfide 
down, to take out the pattern from the and; in order to 
which, they firft loofen them a little all cnr with a finall 
ore inftrument. 
ne manner they proceed to work the co 
ierpat or other ha if. of the mould, with the fame patterns, 
e exactly like the former; excepting that it has 
ao which, entering holes correfponding | thereto in the 
other, make, whén the two are joined ig Soa - the two 
cavities of oa pattern fall exaGly on each o 
The frame, being thus pouded, is oe to the found- 
the crofs jets, or canals, to the feveral patterns in both, 
and By Saag them | over with mill- dutt, fets them to dry 
i 
When ath parts of the mould are fufficiently dried, 
they j join them together, by means of the pins; and to pre- 
vent their ftarting, or flipping afide, by the ‘force of the 
metal, which i s to come in flaming hot, ' ‘through a hole 
3. en 
frames out of the preffes, and t 
g 
the moulds are’ thus poate. the metal is put 
in fufion i in an earthen crucible, about ten inches high, and 
four i in diameter. 
he furnace wherein the fufion. is aad is much’ like 
the imith’s forge ; avin like that, a chim ae es carry 
off the fmoke ; a paix of bellows to cea up the fire; and 
a hearth where the tie is made, and the crucible placed. 
It is the ufe of this hearth, that chiefly diftinguifhes the 
— from the forge. 
e middle thereo es is a i ale cavity, ten or twelve 
aces wide, ying igi ee ery bottom: it is divided 
into two, b pene upper partition ferves to 
hold the cr cabs and the Fuel, a the lower to receive the 
afhes. 
When the fuel, which is to be of dry wood, is pretty 
well lighted, they put the ae full of acta! in the 
middle, and cover it with an earthen lid; and, to increafe 
the on of the fire, befides boete it up with the bel- 
lows, el a a tile over part of the aperture or cavity of 
the furna 
The metal firft put in being brought to a fufion, they 
fill the crucible with pieces of brafs beaten in a mortar; to 
put them in they make ufe of a kind of i iron ladle, with a 
hollow 
the pune is 
t for the ante to take the 
crucible out of the fire, a carry it in a pair of iron tongs 
(whofe feet are bent, the better to embrace the top of the 
crucible) to the mould; into which he pours the melted 
metal, through the hole anfwering to the mafter-jet of 
each mould. 
Thus he- goes fucceffively, from one to another, till his 
acblet is emptied, or there is not matter enough left for 
another mou 
catting cold water on oad moulds, they take the 
e caft works out of the 
fand: which in 
cafting. — 
afterwards they 
IN 
ye UCS 5 ae an ae and bells —T 
calling Gane in brafs is very ancient ; infomuch that its 
origin. was too remote and obfcure even for the refearch of 
Pliny ; 3 an sees ay filled at difcovering the inven- 
tors of - 
an an for certain is, that it was ae d, 
all its oa Aiea, firft amon afterw: rds 
among the Romana: 
ogee i their gods and heroes furpaffed all belief. 
See STA 
The fogle cities of Athens, aa Vee Rhodes, &e. had 
each three thoufand ftat d Marcus 
touch only zdile, adorned. the circus ae 
three thoufand ftatues of brafs, for the tim 
cenfian games. ay ie = 
to fuch a pitch, that 
ecame a prover erb, 
people o 
n people. 
of ‘brafs were jest lefs numerous than the Ro« 
ong us, the cafting of oe = but little known or 
pradtifed before the feventeenth ce ce 
s to the cafling of guns, it is cuits modern ; 3 and it were 
perape to be wifhed, we were.as ignorant of a as. the ~ 
ancients. 
