FOUNDERY. 
is-opened with a long piece of iron, fitted at the end of a- 
poles and. the ary at is then. fi aera in an inftant. 
1$ now finifh) eaft fo muc as belongs to the hae 
the reft being the {culptor’s or carver’s bufine 
no tin in the metal of ftatues 
of: tin in that of bells. 
‘the wax of bells, efpecially if it be a rng of 
ew bells that is to be caft, are not left to chance, or the 
net be added, that it is on the wax ne ie feve- 
ral mouldings and anther ornaments, and infcriptions, to be 
reprefented in piles on ha outfide of the bell, are 
formed. The e torigue, is not ee apart 
of the bell, but j is s Furnifled from ice hands. 
i fafpended a the roiddle oF bell, In China, i is only 
a huge wooden mallet, ftruck by for fF arm againft 
bell ; whence they can have but little. of that confonancy, 
fo much admired in fome of our rings of bells. The Chi- 
nefe have an extraordinary way of increafing the found of 
their bells ; wiz. by leaving a hole under the cannon; which 
eur bell. founders would reckon a defeét. 
2a _ our bells al very much from thofe 
of the C hinefe. In our’s, the yn proportions are, to 
make the diameter fifteen times ibe thicknefs of the brim, 
and the height twelve times. The parts of a 
1. The founding bow, terminated by an inferior circle, 
which grows thinner and thinner. 2. The brim o ae 
part of a bell _— the clapper ftrikes, and whic h 
thicker than t he’ outward _finking of de 
middle of the bell, or the point under which it Siglie wider 
to the brim a hew or furniture, a 
grows wider and Gage auiite to the brim.'5. The u 
or that part which is aboye the waift. 6. The pallet which 
fupports the ftaple of the clapper within. 7. The bent and 
hollowed branches of metal ee with the cannons, tore-. 
aa the iron bee ba where yt ie ha is hung up to the 
beam which is its fupport and c fal cog when rung out. 
The ohutues a bell-foundery is ene i 
lars. 1. The proportion of a bell. Th 
mould. And, 3. The melting of the metal. There are 
two kinds of proportions, wiz. the fimple and the relative ; 
the former are thofe proportions only that are between the 
fe, i.e. the d 
ef the top will be half that of the bell; and it will, there- 
ai be the diameter. ot the bell-which wilk found an oc. 
Seeondly, the dimenfions of the ~ 
bell are, - 
tave to the other. Divide the diameter of be bell or “the 
t 
fifteen equal parts into three other equal parts, and then 
form a feale. From this {cale take twelve of the larger di- — 
vifions, or 4, of the whole {cale inthe compafs, and fetting 
one leg in D defcribe an arc to cut the line Ee in N, draw 
ND, and divide this line into twelve gen parts; at the 
C= C1 will b 
the thicknefs of t == +1, of the di ane : dew the 
1 D: bifeé&t DN an at'the point of bifection 6 erect 
the eae 6K= 15 of the larger divifions on the 
sini to thirty 
duced take KB - = 
of the brim, and on the fame.centre with the radius 30% 
brims defcribe a n He AB parallel to NK. For the arc 
BC, take twelve divifions of id {cale or twelve brims in the 
compafs, find a‘ centre, and from that c with. this 
BC, in the fa 
oO 
ing the are Kp; fome 2 deferibe i it on a centre at the diltance 
of nine. nee from the points p and K; others, as it is done 
in the figure, on a centre at the diftance only of {even brims 
from thofe points. But it is ne ceffary firft to find the point 
p, and to determine the rounding of the bell p1. For this 
purpofe, on the point C asa centre and with the radius C 1 
Sone fader make the bendings K a third of a brim owe 
than the middle of the line D N; others make the part 
C1D more acute, and inftead of making C 1 perpe 
to DNa a bri im. higher, making ‘it itil 
ger than the 
brim Cr. In juice to tice o iu 
the compafs eight divifions of the {cale or eight brims, and 
the p D, as centres, defcribe arcs to interfeé 
each other in 8; on this point 8, with a radius of. eight 
brims, defcribe-the arc Nb; this are will ii the’ exterior 
curve of the top or crown; on the fame point 8, asa centre 
and with a a shes to 7} ae dle the arc Ae, 
and this will be interior curve the crown, and its 
— poner will be one-third of nae brim. As the point 
8 doe t fall in the axis of the bell, a centre M may be 
fo ae in n the axis rey defcribing, with the interval of eight 
brims on the centres I) and H, arés which will interfe& in 
thi i made the centre of the inner and 
to it, wu of that. of ae risatt aie isa Oued Enéyclos. 
pédie, OCHE. 
The seit tes neceffary for making the mould of a bell 
are, 1. The earth: the moft cohefive is the belt ; it maft 
be well ground afd fifted, to prevent any chinks, 2. Brick- 
ftone;; which muft be ufed for the mine, mould, or core, 
r. and 
