FOWLING-PIECE.. 
eonverted into tecl, by being vee over with fhavings of: 
horn, or par ings ue hor [heck a d kept red-hot in the 
fire for fome ‘time, ane bh it is plunged into water. 
Th arrel, previouf- 
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y to «hich it is ead aa ‘fine ‘emery and oil, until it 
prefents to the eye, through its whole length, and in what- 
ever direction it is obferved, a perfectly {mooth, equal, 
fplendid furface. Jnftead of blueing the barrels by expof- 
ing them to a degree of heat, which produced an elegant 
blue tinge, ee was eae done, they are now 
browne d, as it is o this, the barrel is 
rubbed over with sage ae rtis, or rfp of ialt, as ba 
water, and lai ; until a complete coat of rn me 
wponit; alittle ee is then apy li : 3 and the ae being 
rubbed dry, is :polifhed by means of a hard bruth and bees 
wax 
Barrels at fora double-barrelled piece, after hav- 
ing been dreffed to their proper thicknefs, which is gene- 
rally lefs than for tingle barrels, are tiled flat on the “fides 
that are to ie each other, fo that they may fit bape to- 
get Two correfponding bie ne are then made at 
the are: ee breech of each barrel ; and into thefe are 
fitted two {mall pieces of iron, to hold them more ftrongly 
together. The barrels being united by tinning the parts 
which touch, the fa are fitted in, and made ‘fa ft by the 
fame means. Thefe ribs are the triangular ‘pieces of iron 
which are placed eee en the barrels, running on the ae 
aad under fides their whole length, aud napa = ld th 
more firmly together. The Sunes ue mprove- 
ment, and Is found more effetually S ereene aie barrels 
from warping. When the barrels are thus joined, they 
are polifhed and coloured in the manner already defcribed. 
The twifled barrels are defervedly commended for their 
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with which 
ployed in them j is formed of old horfe-thoe nails, ak tered 
made from the fofteft and tougheft iron, which rther 
purified by the numerous heatings and ee by 
which it is reduced firft into a bar, and then into “nails. 
About 28 pounds of thefe ftubs, purchafed at about ros. 
cwt., are required to make a 
moved, and the s aad ham mmerings repeated, cnt 
the i ea “by being cae ane and kneaded, is freed from. 
all impurity, and rendered very tough and clofe in the grains 
the workman then draws it out, into pieces of about 24 
to orm. 
five or fix 
inches, is turned like a cork- -icrew, jae t any pad tools 
es the anvil and haan mer. e remaining portions are 
peaees in the fame manner, until the whele piece is turned 
into a fpiral, forming a tube whofe diameter correfponds | 
with that of the intended barrel. Four of ‘thefe are gene- 
rally fufficient to form a barrel of the a length, 
which is from 32 to 38 inches, and the ~two which form 
the breech or reinforced part are ‘confderably thicker than 
_very much refemble the 
il . trebled as required, and ‘ whole 
thofe which ar the fore-part, or muzzle: of the. 
barrel. The man firft welds one of thefe tubes to a? 
manner, 
ommo 
Stub iron is alfo sare earl into ehin. Barclay which, as- 
they require much lefs labour, are only half the pricé of the 
twilted o 
The “ canons or rubans,”’ or ribbon barrels of ae ae 
Englith ae barr - The 
precefs by which they are formed is much here mice 
ee that above defcribed, alc pfefing any ee 
advantage 
piece, though ftrongly nee ee uck-guns are gene-. 
rally bent a little upwards near the muzzle, which, as the 
gun{miths i makes them throw their fhot further pe if 
they were perfe@ly ftraight. To obtain from a piece of the 
pecinae length the fame effeéts as ae a duck-gun, no- 
thisg more, perhaps, is ae grtlane o have~the. barref 
oe ftrong to admit of the cri being doubled or - 
throw the & ire 
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not proportional to the velocity seed be ay to the 
{quare of the velocity. (See Gu and. 
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