FRANCE. 
called afphaltum, chiefly in the departments of Ain and the: 
Rhine. Glu 
Lower e. us bitumen, called pifafphaltus, in 
the department of Pa i de Déme. Liquid bitumen, called 
naphtha and petroleum, in the oe of the Hérauit and 
the Lower Pyrenees. ‘Turf c 
the Somme, North, and Pas de Calais 
ll forts of earths and fands fed i in manufactures, as 
kaolia, or porcelain earth, arenaceous quartz, puzzolane 
&c. and.all kinds of ftony — argh ed in 
abound in France, from the maffy ro 
eclumn, to the gem that {parkles on ae race of be 
The principal manufatures of France are thofe 
3. Oflinen aac aie conan formed out of the an- 
cient provinces of Normandy, Picardy, Flanders, Hainaut, 
Cambréfis, ieee ne uphiné, Auvergne, Beaujolais, 
Gafcogne,and Anjou. Before the oe France exported 
linen cloth to the amount of from o 13 millions of livres. 
2. Of lawn and cambric, the ee oe of which 
amounted to about fix millions of livres. 
. Of thread — Fo at Bruffels, Malines, Valen- 
ciennes, Dieppe 
4 OF iail ae chieBy - Renee Angers, Agen, Mar- 
feilles, vase de Marfan, &c. 
ry ables an oo at Breft, Rochefort, Toulon, 
Abbeville Dunkirk, and Havre de Grace 
a fhawls, famoiles, & ce. at Rou 
ar Rouen, Beauvais, Langres, Crevel 
Bézier 
@ 
Troyes, wale 
7c ea uflin " Rouen, Nifmes, Geneva, 
Rheim 
8. Of dimity and fuftian of a fuperior quality at Alencon, 
Lyons, Troyes, perce and Toulonfe. 
Q». yritl inting paper at 
fionne, Courtalia,. eee illiers, Dynofée, Arches, Ar- 
t. Breffon near Luxeuil, Befangon, 
Paper-hangings at Paris in the 
illon, Arthur, and others. They are 
Ruffia. 
a ncunted to t on 
of which were ported to foreign counted s, and 350,0Cc0 
livres to the =< olonies. Paris‘alone confiumes an- 
nually. 305,000 ream 
10. 
ap at Toulon, Bourdeaux, R 
ville, Amiens, St. Quentin. 
faGture is 60 millions, two of which only are exp 
. ftarch, the principal manufacture of Pek 3 is at 
Paris. 
12. Of tobacco and fnuff, viz. 22,000 cwt. of fnuff, and 
Every . individual in France is fup- 
pofed to ufe on the average 12 ounces of fnuff annually. 
¥3. Of fine woollen cloth, chiefly at Sédan, Abbeville, 
Louviers, Elbeuf, Rouen, Dxaceal, les Angélys, Vienhe, 
and Mentauban. -Common woo len cloth is made at Cha 
igny, aia ies St. i 
Gr ie, Valence, 
i< 
& 
io) 
= 0% 
BS 
g Be 
a 
4 
a 
calaman 
and lath, ar are alo. nufagtared j in reat en 
In ey Gene ‘exporte ve 
Cloth amounting in _ te - 1 5s 520,900 livres. 
st 7,090,H06 
fae 5,100. 
The exportation of the two firft articles in 1787 amounted 
to 14,242,4¢¢) and 5,615,8c0 livres, ‘The produce of the 
' Plufh, &e. - ; es - 
hiefly in the departments of ' 
the arts, . 
at forms a fately ; 
t Annonay, Montargis, . 
foap of ce firft quality at Marfeilles, inferior 
whole woollen. -tnanufaéture was rated in-1789 at 140 mil: 
lions annually. 
14. ‘Of filks, chiefly at Lyons, Tours, Nifines, Paris, 
and Marfeilles. This manufacture ya however, declined 
— the revolution. In 1 it 
v d 15,co 
filk annually ; 
sacar 
. Of hats chiefly at Lyons; Rouen, and Pads 
. Of watches at Paris, Geneva, Clufe, and Carouges. 
The cannes of watches confumed annually in France be- 
fore the revolution was fuppofed to amount to 2co,coo. 
17. Of jewellery, which at Paris and Lyons only em- 
ployed nearly 70,coo workmen before the soliton, 
18. Of cannons and allforts of arms. This manufacture 
has been confiderably improved, and attracts the particular 
wee: of governmen 
9: chit ey at ailing glafs, and. mirrors. 
Thi manufadbare is alfo carried to a high degree of 
= the fame may be aiferted, ot the manufacture. 
ets and tapeftry. The tapeftry manufac- 
tures at La Savonnerie and Beauvais, though not equal to 
the celebr f the Gobelins at Paris, are very 
little se to it. 
The inland trade of France, like that 
a all Rico) ig 
perior to its foreign commerce. It 
imption of the produce of its own fitheries, mines, agri- 
culture, and manufactures, and its circulation f e pro- 
ince to t ther. The foreign com e 
In 1787 the exportation amounted 1 to 
livres, of which 311,472,0c0 livres were ie raw “produce 
of the foil, mines, and fifheries, and 231,132,000 the pro- 
duce of French manu factures. In 1800 it amounted only 
1785, 1786, and oe were ‘611,008,2c0 livres. 
Roland, in his report to the einen: im 1792, foe fie 
He calculated the imports at 230 millions annually, 
and the exports at about 300 millions. But from the flate of 
the French commerce in 1787, which Mr. Arnould has ana- 
lyfed with much care, it appears that 
the. importation, amounting to 6T — livres, and 
the exportation only to 542,604,000 
the re was a balance of ' 684,042,200 livres 
againtt France. . And in the year 1800, when 
the | importation amounted tO 32551 ae ia and 
the exportation only to 2713564;000 
tlere was ftill an unfavour~ — = s - 
able balance o: 53552,000. lawres: 
a 7 
A very 
~ 
to 271,564,000 livres in all,- viz. 
Raw produce and wines - - 87,562,000 
Metals, minerals - - 4,530,000 
Manufaétured goods - = = 140,854,000 
Divers other — - 7 - 38,618,000 
The imports of France, upon an average of the ha , 
