FRANCIS. 
“Milanete revolted from the Frenchy, ‘and expelled them fiom 
theif country onftable Bourbon with- 
drew hi turned his ar 
defeated Bonnivet, who 
_was fent upon an expedition into Italy, marched at the head 
of the hee held into France, and laid fiege to Marfeilles’; 
Francis. 
mong th thefe the leat regretted was oe His fatal 
mity, and his hauch-_ : 
ty mind {corned to furvive the ale dias, but rufhing 
into the thickeft ranks of the enemy, ots with 
The firft intelligence of die rout at el was 
tran{mitted by the king aa to his mother in a letter con- 
taining thefe memorable words : “ Madam, all is lott, except 
our ur.’ The royal ca pe was treated with e 
.mark of refpe&, but when he was conveyed to the caftle of 
Madrid, fu a co onditions were impofed, or intended to be im- 
pofed, on his dene that he refolved to die in captivity‘rather 
than accede to them. At length the emperor, finding his 
health evidently on ae decline, paid him a vifit, and conclud- 
ed a treaty for his liberation, which took place after he had 
been cottfined almoft thirteen months. 
Ey 
‘yates France and Spain, and inftantly upon touching his own 
fore, he mounted his ho rfe, and waving -his hand over his 
head, cried out « I am hl a seis ng.’? His firft meafure, on 
réfuming the reins of government, was to form a league 
with the pope, the Vee and the duke of Milan, oo 
then, without any difficulty, he ob- 
ntiff Clernent VII. an folution 
Madtid. And when 
Charles fent embafla fummon him to the performance 
ditions, Francis for anfwer, -introduced teas to 
an affembly of the ftates of Bur rgundy, who, as Ss pre- 
éoncerted, ex licitly declared that he had no right to p alievate 
their country from is crown, and refufed to have them trans- 
ed, in the 
At eel the 
eace of Peis in 1520, gavea jaan tary re{pite to the 
pastot Cs al os tworivals. By ae as children of Francis 
were reftor im in confidera of a ranfom of two 
millions oe on ns, and the e aneaen on the day defifted 
‘from his claims on Burgundy, but without renouncing his 
right. 
& 
Some years of peace enfued, in which Francis difplayed 
h Francis had a real love = Reset a vite 
tnany foreign {cholars, among w as Erafmus, to take 
up their abode at oie nies men of “feience and 
enlightened minds about ° his ar eG to whom he 
‘heads of fubje@ts on which he defired information, ae it-was 
their bufinefs at leifure times, and efpecially at his meals, to 
yead to him what they had drawn up. At the aesioe, arid 
with the affiftance of his‘learned: a = e colletted manite 
rancis was equally a fiend to nc 
fine arts; the palace of Fontainbleau, and feveral o edi- 
fices are monuments of this reign. ‘T'o this prince the F Fre snc 
court principally owes that free intermixture of the fair fex 
which ee a ea hnarae its diitinguifhing luftre and ameni- 
ty. ame time it.muft be acknowledged that the king 
himfelf, es a boundlefs propenfity to gallantry, fet an exarh- 
fle, as well of debauchery as of weaknefs ; and his favourite 
miftrefs, the countefs d’Eftampes, sacle her power in the 
fate as publicly as it was ever afterwards do 
French monarchy. 
the crown 
to the new opinions, which were likewife received ae many of 
his fubjecs he king, however, 
experienced in any other bufinefs of their live war 
broke out between Francis and his rival. Charlee ; zane was in 
the year 1535, and it was continued with great animofity for 
three years. Francis, to ftrengthen his party, made an al- 
liance with the Turks, ° a meafure which excited the bitteretl, 
urope ; nor was he him- 
hich accompanied = confede- 
racy wi ith 1 infidels again inft a  Chriftian kin 1g. a rable o 
een each 
prince affected to te to the ser eee Fs “of. the 
pontiff, afid Paul at laft prevailed on them to fufpend ee 
hoftile efforts by a truce of ten years. Ina aig {hort time 
after this pacification had been agreed u rival mo- 
held a conference with the greatedt Cnere once 
are friendfhip and confidence. Ee the year 1539, Charles, 
ing to vifit che Low Countri a ré- 
S, On account oO 
colt of the people of Ghent, defi red 
through France, and put fo much truft in the king’s honour 
that he refufed any other {ecurity for his fafety than his mere 
e rle 
mark of confidence, received Charles at 
aris with the greateit magnificence, and gave -e 
cility in the profecution of his defigns. 
equally liberal, and when he got to his ons, he 
meanly cavilled about his promife, arid refufed at laft to per- 
form it. This was the ene of a new war, in which Henry 
VIII. joined ; peace was however concluded with the em- 
peror in 1544, and with Ae king of England in 1546. 
A difeafe, the fruit of his Tee tious amours, had lon 
been preying upon the ieee ve of eek cis, ‘and life 
as now embittered by domeftic contention. The enmity 
‘arid intrigues of his own ee. the. duchels dE Gampes, 
and of Diana de ‘Poitiers, miftrefs to the Dauphin, dividéd 
the court into open and violent factions. ‘The death of 
order continually preyed upon him, he wan from palaee 
to ] id and yee and, at length, at Ram- 
bouillet he clofed, with much compofure, in the fiftysthird 
year of his age, nyo Lire oo 
