FRO 
the charafters for time and their ae Sab ache perfeCtion, 
imperfection, prolation, &c. There is but one chapter, 
‘the nineteenth and i laft, on the ae & of compo or 
or the aaa of harmony. The work is ania with 
examples of c counterpoint in four and fix parts ing 
printed feparately, in an notation, and not vegudarly beck 
re fe 
they are fomewhat dif o {core. 
FROSE, in ay, a town of Germany, in the 
duchy of Mattar 10 miles S. of Magdebur f 
FROSO, a finall ifland on the E. Sag of the gulf 
of Bothnia. N. lat. 63 34. E. long Iq’. 
FROSON, a town of Swe eden, in aaa fituated in 
an ifland 1 in lake suena a {chool and poft-office. 
. lat. 
F SSAY, a (own mace r rance, in the department of the 
ey ioe: ; miles S.E. of Painbcoeuf. 
ROST, i in Meteorology, fignifies that fate of the at- 
ane in which the ‘cmon ice is below 32°, and water 
aes congealed. 
e fun paffes to the ae of the equator, the 
northern hemifpere Sana its temperature, its 
expenditur a a the fupply. After 
fome time a aaa Tomine of temperature is obferved as 
we pafs over the fucceflive parallels of latitude from the 
equator to the North pole. As far as the action of the 
un’s rays is concerned, this decreafe of temperature fhould 
be regular ; on is, ould be in fome proportion to the 
diftance from the ae and to the progrefs of the feafon. 
We find however from experience, that fuch regulari He = 
any given northern latitude the tem 
on, by reafon of 
re difproportionate than ufual in their 
See ee and TEMPERATURE. 
Mr. Kirwan remarks, that “it {carce ever freezes in lati- 
: — in very elevated fituations.” Iti 
e and {now are al as » even under 
it is in very elevated and almoft in- 
ve t x 
more prevalent ne the winter 
; In Britain, fro{t commonly appears in the 
courfe of October and difappears in April; but the fe- 
verity of it is confined to December, January, and February. 
Such however i is the uncertainty of froft in this country, that 
een froft, 
fervatle that Pe cas: pas its i 
Id than the co 
= 
=e 
e 
ct 
‘Air is gen 
elles the “iserng temperature ; cele the more com. . 
‘with water, ao vlvgged the fuze-hole clefe up, and 
FRO 
pletely any body is uy rounded with air, and the’ lefs t 
connection it has with the earth, the more readily it is frozen 
Ice is formed firft over ftliow pools of water, then over 
ponds, laftly over lakes. The reafons are various. 
Ear th has a lefs capacity for heat than water; it is therefore 
focn reduced and deprived of the heat which it fhould im- 
minifhes down to 36'. ow as it mutt be ape 1 3 
before it can freeze, it follows tha ooling of w 
its fur a cannot sae its congelation all the tel e aa 
ma appro e the freezing temperature; becaufe 
ne eoriea: water eT tends Rea and warmer 
water afcen 
Anche reafon for the flow congelation of water is hae 
of a different kind from thofe already mentioned. iti 
y of the w 
Ww 
nN 
deprive the water of 
vered by Dr. Black ; he called the heat fo eee rant ; 
becaufe it. did not affe & th he im 
. this change of capacity of water in checking the ae 
winter, has been well elucidated by different authors, 
eee He ly by Crawford in. his Effay- on ney Heat, and 
yc of his- Effays 
are obferved to remain oie for a 
This 
r, compar 
cold air i foc condenfes into a mit. See con ION and 
Foa 
Froft does not penetrate fo deep into the ground as might 
be expected. In Britain it feldom finks 10 or 12 inches ; 
though in a very long froft it has been found 18 inches deep 
ormore. In high northern latitudes, where the cold is more 
fevere, it does not penetrate proportionally ; the reafon is, 
with fnow, which defends 
reezing Te at 
e filled iron bomb-fhells of various fives 
ex- 
pofed them a a ftrong froft. The plugs were always thrown 
out with force, fometimes to the ayes of 400 or 500 
or the fhells Curt, the ice at the fame time bolting ov 
Hence sie effects of froft in iliting — buriting Sa 
&c. are not fo much to be won 
n fome ee an ieee Rafa, meat is preferved 
I "84 and I 
ing. for feel months by means of aes 
A chronological record of fom he moft remarkabie 
frofts is fubjeined. See Hutton’s pis and Philof, Diét: 
In the Year 
220. Froft in Britain si eon 5 months. 
250. ‘The Tha mes frozen 9 w: 
291. Mott ri sone a 6 wee 
359» Severe fr oft 3 in Scotland 14 a. 
508, The 
