the. ice 4a texture and c 
. ‘This o 
.ealled the-anther 
_ Fchookm 
‘ eulfivate 
: Hoa are in th 
- tain’ and 
offen 
FRU 
x, the Calyx or fower-sup » generally refembles 
r, and conititutes the. exter- 
leffom ane ig not always prefent, not 
_ being y eflential a a flower, whofe neceflary ee are inde- 
pendent 0 of it. See Ca 
“2, Corolla, : the Corolla, compofed of one or more 
petals, always internal with refpect to the calyx, and ufual- 
“¥y more delicate in texture, and more beautifully or variouf- 
ly coloured than that part, as well as differently fcented. 
organ, aioe oe is t ot more univerfal or effential than 
' the foregoing. See 
or Stamens, which 
ranged internally with refpec to the corolla, and often in- 
‘ferted: upon it, each _ bearing wee kind of cellular body 
important part. as pro- 
See FecunpA- 
- ducing the dares ‘or impregnating matter. 
TION 0 
4 Pi fill or Ps age the Piftil or Piftils, fituated in kar 
centre of the which fe organs 
therefore. no ef “ellential than the ftamens, Spree not zi 
h them. They 
 confift of the germen, or rudiments of the frit, a ftyle 
or ‘ftyles, and the Higms or fligmas; the fir a e laft 
only being neceflary, ‘as e ftyle, fe erving see to eee 
the Yi a more or Tels, j is pequertly difpenfed with. 
3. Pericarpitm, the. See a pulpy, woody 
or leathery texture, when ara enclofes soi protects 
the feeds, but is vgn | inmany tribes of p 
which all fic othes as are fubfervient. 
4. Receptaculum, the Re a, _bafis, or point 
of ‘connection.: This muft be prefent in fome form or 
thier ‘and in compound flowers efpecially is very remark- 
abl 
ee phyfiology of thefe parts will. be found at. 
ander cary 
ads z Ta cach proper. Places, where alfo. the 
will be exp 
culates tht the various combinations 
m mutt, fuffic 
ers for all Ae mene ra of. plants which 
‘difcovered'; eecialy if we take 
into > eonidertion the peculiarities aff 
ot other them 
which “ffowd the: 
frudification ther a is our only st asta fot the diftinGtive 
charadters-of genera, as well as He clafles andorders, whether 
‘natural 6r artificial. Italfo frequently affords difcriminat- 
cee ers of fpecies in a natural genus, though for thefe 
mote: econyenently reforte e old Erench 
mir 
od the:'p 
iis ot yet been well 
rected; ugh tone of his adnarfuties have pointed it 
on. Wea are  perftaded that the proper parts of. fructifica- 
» though it may, in many. 
in tances, require grat scutenl S. to, detect what is: moft cer- 
natural’ for defi red purpofe, and. to avoid 
protixigy' in, our. ‘definitions, while we indicate all. that 
cient 
he fruGtification of, -fome. oe orders, of tae was 
fo obfcuré at the time when Linnzus wrote, that he wag 
£3 
nd = serail ever ala te any of. his countrymen. Ma $ 
The : : i 
e inflorefcénce and ihe herb ‘bage are, Aer. the moit part, _ 
otan 
stall . and re whio have not t Laligently 
FRU 
. obliged to aha his clafs a Sag in Raat, to give them 
ale 
em. This is full tl with ferns 
FILIcgs, ).. . — as with the aquatic 
s and lichens is now bet- 
any place in 
more ctpecially, fee 
Al, The He ification of moff 
underftoo as.will be exp fied in the proper pee of. 
each order, 
FRUCTIST A. See Botany. 
FRUGA, in ee a town of Africa; 20 miles 
5.5.E. of Morocco 
FRUGES, a town of _— in the a seagila of a 
itraits of Calais, and chief place of a in the 
tri o treuil; 12 miles S.W. of Arras. The lace 
contains 2,700, and the canton 12,843 ae on @ 
territory of 185 kiliometres, in 25 commu 
pee eeeeaneny BIRps, are far as feed on fruits 3 ei~ 
ther wholly or i 
e fru a eh a according to Mr. bi one ys are a fpe~ 
hav 
cies si terreftrial birds, fome of which 
bills = claws, yet are of gentler rate, and not 
aay Such are the parrot kind which, 
: hough Gee carnivorous, yet feed likewife on 
Tuit. 
FRUGONI, CARrLo-INNOCENZO, in hs ys Biers 
born.of a noble family at Genoa in 1692. At of 
fixteen he was aad on but much againtt his aim eB “enter 
into a monattic life. ught claffical literature for man 
ears in feveral of the cities of Italy, and at the age 
thirty-five, through the interference of cardinal Bentiogtog 
he was liberated from his Sted which never fy.on 
pope Clement w obtained the — ‘of 
the houfe of ar who aye ve him an honourable afylum 
Parma. n the duke eftablithed an academy of Fine 
Arts, Lae was employed to draw: ee its ftatutes, and 
was made the perpetual fecretary. He was alfo appointed: 
court-poet, and infpectar of theatrical exibisions, and pene 
ions and 2 ted were Hberally be beftowed on him. He die 
arma f 1768, He is ¢ -diftinguith fhed. in 
Italian n hiftory : as a TONE Lay and: he maintained his 
and. the genius toa very a 
reputation for vivacity. an 
in: Pai -ityles.. and. modes 
He exce ed. 
vanced age. i: 
compofition ; his printed. works confift of, fonnets, odes, 
canzoni, elegies, fatires, nla aan epiftles. He had, in 
almo ft all he did, a ftyle and: manner peculiar to. bimlelf, ‘but, 
elteemed, and in t 
: : mes 8y0. 
In ones life he was open and.undifguifed, . 
cheefal ee pleafant in converfation, but. fometimes farcafti- 
a. mare _ifpored to i 
of his. features he is faid to have refembled, 
the ammortal, Tat (a. 
HITAN, in Geography, an a aflaped near.the. W. coaft 
of Tel 3, miles W. of Mafap 
, in, its, general fo, lade. whatever. the 
cath produces for the nourifhment and {uppost of animals; 
sherbs, grain, pulfe, ‘hay, corn, i - every thing. exs 
te aie d by-the Latins “under the.name frug 
In the civil Jaw, they. diftinguifh thee ae of fruits, 
naturals which the. earth pr s Spontancontys 
and without any. culture 5 a8 | node 7 t eens rats 
dufirys which, thongh.natural, require fome culture, to pe 
ee ny aE ies fruits. in the eye. 
creme of 
- FRUIT, | nite Be in Rotwy and oa — logy, that 
