FULLIN 6G, 
Saari by deg aches belt, sing, gee forther Soevardsy - 
90 d me 
the trough da; t i area . a fet in ee yin re- 
thoving the e t 7, which held ile as As the fhaft A re- 
volves, the hfters poate ly e or other of the 
eae which falls againft the clot ae ftriking it at the 
under fide, thrutts i i - into the curved part of the trough aa, 
and by thet on it falls down upon the hea of the beater ; 
awhen the lifter raifes the beater anoth 
turning the c 
by its teeth 4,2, 2, fo a as to wafh it torong! eh Ewe 
beaters fall we nately, that is, one is up when the other is 
n is alfo ranted phous dia ely: in the trough: 
ce of cloth oa fome hours, 
the bea 
the action of e piece is in action 
er 
aw 
n enaen a: 
neath the lo ofe oard x 
able of the ca je 
tw ip the bea » mw icht 1e 
ommun nication with the 
ment which accumu- 
aC ine is fixed over this pit re a tennant at the oe 
cart of the b 
L, L; een on mafonry ; ; M are two braces to 
the ends of the beams K, and keep the whole machine 
in the fame portion : the beams L, L, are extended 
to a confiderable length, anc: have three or four machines 
ag parallel to each other betweeit them. 
- The true method of fulling with foap i is detivered by 
‘ 2 
Monf. Colmet in an authentic meméir on that ined 
Lupporte experiments madé by order of the marquis d 
Louvois, then wean eels of the arts and nufachories 
é fu 
Forune, Cloth and apoollen Sufi with Soap, Method of. 
A coloured piece of cloth, about forty-five ells, is to be laid 
in the ufual manner, in the trough of a full ing-mill, without. 
pie ons it in water, as is.commonly practifed in many 
To fall this i of cloth, fifteen pounds of foap 
ar or 
be taken out, aid ftretc 
This done, the ey is :ininetiataly returned into. the 
fame trough, without any frefh foap ; and there fulled two 
hours moré. Then eee it out, they wring it well, to ex- 
prefs all the greafe and filth. 
Arfter the fecond fulling, the remainder of the foap is 
melted, a¢ the formér, aiid caft, at four different times, on 
t lias aég n they perceive it fu 
ciently aaa and brought ad the anally and thicknefs re- 
ed, th feour i it out for n hot water, keep« 
on 
Sng it in che trough till it be quite c i 
to white cloths ; becaufe thefe full more ealily, and ir 
pro 
: alteration nece ary to ats the co. 
of the ftuff. ‘But e lee ees 
hn time, than edloured ones, a third part of the foap may he 
fj Si 
LLING of Stockings, Caps, Sx, may be performed forse- 
what pee. 3 viz. sae with the fect er the hands; 
rack, of wooden machine, either armed with 
teeth of ‘he fame rie or elfe with Fories or buljocks’ 
eth. 
"The ingredients made ufe of herein ate urine, green foap, 
white foap, and fullers’-earth. But water foftened with chalk 
s, &e. fhould be fulled with foap 
alone ; for thofe ae are a fullers’-earth may be ufed with 
the foap. 
Indeed, it is frequent to full thefe oe of works 
the soe after. ae ies manner of cloths, &c. But that i 
too co iolent' a manner, and is ais to damage the 
perience (ays hauffier, c ae in olfcn enn 
vol. i.) has long fhewn, fae for the falling it is neceffar: 
to make ufe of a bath = water heated nearly to ebullition, 
into which are put 10 or 1g pounds of lees of wine, for 
each hundred pounds of water. The heat is kept up 
during the whole time of working, and every three our 
workmen plunge their felt, and begin their fecond procefs, 
The felt is ed aoa in, and immediately again taken out and 
alah a and rolled, by preffure in different direc- 
tions. 8 with the hand defended by leather, and 
fometimes ‘i means of a roller or other fimilar inftrument. 
he immerfion and working of the felt are repeated, and the 
operation continued, till the ftuff is well condenfed, and has 
acquired the fate folidity. 
Since the operatio is employed to fons a 
denfe and compact e fibres or hairs, and to 
ecg el fe intimate | cohefion ‘of its compe 
and finc e mere mechaz*’al operation is not fufficient for 
this pu ae even with the afliftance of a w cape at the 
boiling heat, eiicut the addition of leés as a neceffary con 
ft muft be confidered as a chemic: Neal folvent, 
uces, either by foften ning: or {we 
iéfion of 
P t be the 
The of the Encyetpedié affirms.w 
that ei is ne alkali or pot-ath of the: nee Ww which determines 
the fulling. But in — to thew, (fays 
erroneous this aflertion is, nothing more is heediins ty t 
dip a piece of blue paper into the bath, by which ee a 
becomes inftantly r ed; and if, after feveral hours’ work, 
the ftate af the-bath be again ceeaned it Is ‘ouind: dha the 
acidulous tartrite of pot-ath is, partly. exhaufted, and the 
workmen foon alge bid = the, . rh : contiquing 
their work, tha w- quantity is ired t added. 
And a again, if - ee che fone folubilit ty of the acidus 
lous.tartrite of pot t-afh in cold water, it is ealily feen why. . 
this procefs the water mauit be kept nearly bdiling. When 
312 
