GALENICAL. 
thefe faves of oe and profeffed himfelf of the eclec- 
tic clafs, whoa whatever was Mite 12 
of all sa he niferminately 
was the author whofe works he held in ae higheft Ai can. 
= = feemed to nie himfelf as the firit who had dif- 
coy the true ear ton of his language. After 
waiting much in the way of comment on the father of phylic, 
and even defending his principles againft thofe of fome of the 
ea he efah lifhed his own fyitem by filling up the 
outline, as it were, of the theory of Hippocrates, ‘to which 
he made numerous additions. This fyftem was formed with 
confiderable ingenuity, and was fufficiently plaufible, in the 
more accurate phyfiological knowledge, to be 
n 
¢eludin "all ae inveftigation, me ie sony oo 
rather than affifting, the progreis of the fcien Wi 
only pretend to give a flight fketch here of a opinions io 
this extraordinary man. 
alen ser yas with ne eaaety that the body i 
compofed of fou elemen water, and ear 
which were poifeffed of ie ila of hot, cold, moi, 
and dry. While thefe ane and qualities remained in jut 
propartion to yo other, the different parts of the bo d 
: 
were ina of jutt pees and performed their re- 
{pective function well; in other words, ig body remained 
in health. eles any of thefe elements or ae rie s be- 
o fize, figure, 
en “connedtio ifunion : and thefe cir- 
ee included all the v: van ieties of health and ea 
Hence the bufinefs of the phyfician was, on the one hand, 
to maintain the proper temperament, and to correét oi tntem- 
peries; andon the other, to prefervethe fize, figure, number, 
fituation, e&tion of the organs, and re-eftablith 
fe conditions when difordered. From this view of the 
fubje&t two axioms were dedu ced. The firft was, that it is 
neceffary to retain all the parts in their natural condition, by 
to retain the quality of cold ina co &c.3; and, in like 
anner, uit ft 3 Lan ces whi 
tend to alter the sale fize, c onne€ cc. reans. 
ae 
ef fize, | ete ns of contrary quality or power 
. where a warm aie is Ceca me cold, heat er be cy 
and where a certain motion, or by welcnee an organ ha 
d fo 
In a word, contr: raries are cured y their contraries, “ con- 
traria contrarlis m 
ll the curative intentions of th 1e practitioner were ful- 
refpe 
sorpeetc and ufe of drugs, chat much 
Additional nea had ‘been acquired _— the time cf 
employed, 
figning the par articular intemperie to pet difeafe, n the va 
‘gsous combinations of hot and dry, hot and mioift, “cold ond 
. confidered it as diftribut 
moift, &c.; fo he exercifed the utmoft firetch of } imagina- 
tion in determining the properties of fin ples. For the fe 
eed were deduced from the four primary qualities of 
i ae dry, Hee were conceiv re by him to 
erent deg quality o 
was s pofleffed . “differ ent Tubftantes in che 
firtt, fecond, third, @ r fourth degree. 
to be cold in the firlt degree, and pepper to be hot in the 
By the different gombinations of thefe 
ir different degrees, he fuj 
medicines operated: i 
qualities of certain 
hot, for fiance 
e primar 
tioned. Thus faltnefs, he faid, originated in the 
sel ia bitternefs he deduced from drynefs; forrnefs from 
col e. ny latter qualities, however, he confi fidered 
a ferg from the former, in the 
aétual in the ae 
ah urgatives ay with the intention of oe 
cacoch hymy, or morbid humou 
ere other sie i 
phyfi lology of Galen, 
we have omitted to 
which me 
the 
w nich, for the fake of perfpicuity, 
e preceding tear ; but 
rit at 
caconael as they conttitute in | part the ante f the 
‘language of Be ai is even in the sree condition of 
our knowledge in modern times Hippocrates, he 
divided the living body into three ae ponent 
parts, the /olids, the aa and b13 The folids 
he fubdivided into emg and oO 
ids zed the Hippecrates, 
lood, phlegm, bile, and iley or melancholy, a nd 
ne sacar ee to the four dec properties which that 
ancient phyfician had maintained : namely, he rega 
b he 
} 
. 
1) 
- 3 
rae 
he confidered as the initruments of the three dif. 
— folie = in the 
of ‘pirits was for The 
t 
body thr wough the canal of the arteries. The animal faculty, 
including the rational a le, ie a in = eee and 
Se power of mo and feel. 
ing to every part, th Hough fie aca "of the ieee and ag 
prefiding over the a me ae (See Function.) Thefe 
three faculties produced the three forts of aétions, accordin 
to Galen, which are Gieate by the fame epithets, aa 
which 
