GALILEL 
he found to: ao ints. phates like the ‘moon. 
Saturn he difcovered.to be oblong, confifting of three dif- 
tinét parts, two a which were anfe, or extreme parts of the 
Fring. ‘Jupiter he faw furrounded with four moons, which 
he named Medicean ftars : and on the fuii’s dife he perceived 
{pots, from the motion of which he inferred, that the fun 
The figure e of 
-congratulatory letter on the cccafion ; and whilft aftronomers 
in’ general applauded his attempts, Tome fufpetted that his 
edie difcoveries were the a 5 dre: ams = his own 
Souk in which 
‘and this incomparable en ae was, inthe year 1615, 
cited before the cdurt of Ey bemeaae accufed of herefy, and 
thrown into prifon, The charge of herefy was sais 
by allegations again{t him, ar = maintained the tw: 
dowing propo itions, viz. that un is the centre ee e 
world, and immove a al a Tocal ; aa and that the earth 
is not the centre o world, nor immoveabl 
w 
= 
LER 
It 3 is 
uke o 
_ high rank and peg at the papa. 
ome. Ha 
his releafe, he re{umed and purfued his ftudies, and laid be- 
fore the. public. an.account of his difcoveries, eas tended 
more and more to eftablif ad oe whic ourt of 
i eee had condemned. r 1632, notvithtand 
ing t anger to which he expofed “hirnfe lf, he had the 
{olution to publifh his famous “ Dialogues on the ‘ ) 
ft Syftems a the World, the Ptolemaic and Coper- 
uments in icne of each, without abfo- 
2 theli of their matter. cry 0 
‘renewed, and Galileo was agus oa to pis before the 
‘gribunal of the inquifition in 
At the age of 70 year aetes “venerable aera ta was 
wiuliged to cael with ae citation ; and, on his arri ival at 
mmi 
“grand-dv 
ie ding the proc 
him. a trial of tout na broug: 
to receive aes: in full sig aeaieant (elem my ordered 
to abjure. and condemn the Copernican fyftem, as contrary to 
Ske Scriptures, and to bind himfelf by oath no > fohger to 
‘Jupiter in his revolution 
teach or Tupport it, either dire&tly or indire fly. A 
wifhment . al having difobeyed a ‘former decree of the en 
etained in ‘prifon at oa eased = the car- 
dinal Gnauditoes ad a 
, as a faving penance, for thre 
years to come, to nce aw io the a penitent 
pfalms 5 the court ee ae to itfelf ‘the ower. 
rating, changing, or taking away, wholly or in eee le 
above-mentioned punifhment and penance. His Dialogues” 
were alfo cenfured, prohibited, and ordered to be burnt at 
Rome. The rigour of his fenton was afterwards confider- 
ably abated by pope Urban VITI.; and he was at length, 
ted to refide at his country-houfe at ‘Ar 
and communicating the refult of them cccafionally to the 
public ; and here he was ~vifited by perfons o 
and character at Florence. 
conitant ule of his telefcope, 
became blind about three years b 
mney which he bore with plilofophical fortitude, pre- 
vented his execution of feveral plans ‘which he had in con- 
apt _ improvement of fcience and the benefit of 
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the world. 1642 he was feized with a dilemper which 
sie Wis ca tle life, in the 78th yéar of his age. 
va he i {mall ftature, ate afpe@, and vigor- 
ous ee ; his learning was extenfive; the acutenefs 
of his wit, and ae affability . a his ras and manners, ren- 
im a pleafant compan ie Lahore were 
architecture, ar ed drawing - ne 
ng» @ 
T he light which Galileo caft upon natural philofophy al 
oe 
4 
provements, aided by his pie ‘knowledge of m ee - 
tics, entitle him to rank in the firft clafs of ner Relea 
The lowing eth of his difcoveries and 
s was aclaurin, a highly com-~ 
petent inde and we thal. therefore give it in his own 
f ue 
e e the evidence of the Copernican fyftem m 
fenfible, en he fhewed from the phafes of Venus, like ti 
the monthly phafes of the Moon, that Venus ees sales 
about the fun. He proved the revolution of th n his 
‘axis, from his {pots ; en thence the diurnal ta of the 
eart ‘became more credible. The four fatellites that attend 
about the i reprefented, in Ju- 
piter’s leffer fyftem, a juft image of the great folar fyftem ; 
rendered it. th eafy to conceive how the moon 
- might attend the earth, as a fatellite, in her annual revolu- 
author has given us fully the theory of equable motions, and 
of fuch as are mee accelerated : Hagisen and of thefe 
ft demonitrated, that 
ing of 
ar fince ‘carried to’ fo great a ‘height by fir -Ifaac 
e 
Ta 
