GAL 
aid its ‘governtiient arito-democratical; the fubjedts of the 
7 extenfive, ave moftly 
« 
is fituated clofe t the- m 
tory; as the town is alfo etre fucrovnded by the poffef- 
fions of the princes. The town owes its flourifhing ftate to 
the uncommon — of: ii inhabitants, and to the very 
— commerc ng chiefly ily manufactures of 
linen, muflin, and pari In this towti the arts and 
iene aremuch cultivated, aad literature is held in high efti- 
yaation. The library belonging: to oan abbey is very. r'nume- 
number of monkifh 
e 
the firft Swifs and-German re 
writers, To this library we owe Petronius Arbiter, . Siltus 
Talicus, Valerius Flaccus, ia Quintilian, coptesof whic 
e found in ; its curious MSS.. were 
turne 
he fu of the abbot of St. Gallen formerly a maser, 
fe bjects 
to no lefs than 90,000. His donsinions compri rit, the: 
ascient territory of. the abbey (Alte ‘rence, “and 
a the country of Toc skenburgh, which was purchafed, 
8, by Ulric abbot of St. Gallen, from the laft count. 
he ‘ue without iffue m "The for rmer,-or Alte {. 
chafften, comprehended 124 {quare geographica Taleveses: 
pied by 45,00 
fyuare miles, fae the number of its i tants 
After various. difputes. between the abbot, fupported by the 
catholic, and the "people aide cantons, 
the con. oe of the aly ‘ken 
were coaitel in the canton of Sentis, of which St. Gallen 
was 
ital. 
lp Se a tothe conftitution of the agth of May, 1801, 
Ga 
gt. 
Hlen was annexed to: Appenzel, and. formed the iiathy 
de perenne: 
— a eae on. the ‘Ww. Ai of the ifland of 
Dg» J 
n e eafkern coaft of 
the ifland of Madagafear, a on a. week of the fame 
name, S. lat. 17° . lon ng 54 
ae race K, a town o the., 1 of Carniola; 14, 
miles S.E. of S 
GALLENSTEIN, a town of the duchy of Stiria; 3 
miles W. of Reiffling. 
GALLEON. See Gari 
|_GALLERICA Lapis, aname e given by: the writers is 
the middle ages ae a fpecies of'emerald; which was lar 
ha of that ki d, 2 nd of a pleafant ad 
not coe at to Seg ni ih fame aie Savor. in 
Lis architeCture, derivesthe word gallery from Gaul, as.fup- 
pofing the ancient C b e pap ufed: 
br all q. ds 
allerie.¢ _others bring: it from galere, galley 5 becanle 3 it on 
r —— thereto. in se ‘po health, 
mmon paflage to- feveral rooms in one range in: any 
ef: cae upper fteries of a houfe is called: es At is- alle 
ued for an exhibition roam o: The lenge of: 
gallerics-are (aceording te Pulladic) froin five'to eight tines - 
F413. 
hhenemne'y during the net of Contta ance, and neve re-- 
oe and the latter “included deme 
GAL 
ie bréadth. In. churches os theatres the galleries 
hofe platforms raifed upon pillars for the a 
ceommoda nes 
of a greater number of = a could be ae upon he 
ei floor. 
. acrofs _ the “ditch of a hes Need, ah 
timbers faftenéd. on the Seabcei an tere over. 
The fides of the o be mufket-proof, and t 
confft of a double row of fae lined with plates of iron 5 
and the top is fometimes covered with earth, or. turf, to 
hinder the effect of ftones; | artificial fires, &c. of the enem 
Pe d to fecure ‘and facilitate 
bavins a the artill ery va the eqpolite flaak difmox es 
is called a traver/e. 
ee in Gardoning, a kind of covered walk, it 
a garden or. formed by trees of the horn- 
beam, lime, ane: others of the fame kind, in the following 
ine is Sirk iar ia 7 to the len ste of om in- 
tended gallery, and this e plante 1 hor 
which is to be the foundation a the gallery. "Thele cee 
no further care. than: ‘fheaved a little, and fometimes 
digged: about, as: cua may: be oceafion. But the chief cu- 
abate is:in the ee the fore-part of the gallery, and 
rming the arches. ‘The pillars of the porticoes, or arches, 
ur feet diftance from one another, = 
et high, and rofeet wide, that t 
ee, be room, ee sadgne to seine abreaft in it. When 
the hornbeam v7 he height of three feet, the 
diftance of the ee well he ney and the grousd-work 
of the gallery finifhed, oe ane eee is sh mir the fron- 
tifpiece ;. to mm whi £0: 
he gallery: mutt be 12 feet 
- as 
per pt 
t between two: pillars at the height, and: a ae oe made: for that 
rpofe, m 
up, which forms the arch. Asit grows: 
se thofe eee which qut-top:the others, mutt be levelled 
with the fhears ;. and in time they will grow very firong, 
ae may: be kept in gel a = fhears. Portico ae 
eries: ined be. — with lim 
general have rea aay ig ee eftsemed 
in Bogland cae were once v 
dens of Etaly, and. other hot shoe ae aS vie pa 
got out of credit even.there.. 
GALLERY of a Aine, denotes se Lolenpe or that narrow: 
paflage under ground,’ isang, te ¢ carrying on under 
any work defigned to be blow. 
e rk and befieged o Car; them carry. galleries, 
or penal under ground, in fearch of each other's mines.; 
and: thefe. pew. eat and EN oe each other. 
Gatery, in Mining, fignifies a: drift. or paflage under 
round; in or ough § to fome mine: gang mi gate, ee 
the great cabin. 
-"Phefe galleries are for fhew, andthe captain’s memes 
. rather than any.other benefit ; for, in fhips of war, all dpen 
Fi of this kind are to avoi on account of the 
ihe of an-enemy’s entrance and boarding of the thip 
ge in-a Ship. See LappEr. 
GaLLEry, Whi See W csene CES e 
GALLESE, in "Geography a town of Italy, in the 
Parmer 3 25 mH e.- 
7¥, in Chem: ifiry, i is:the name given to reverbera- 
ene han aces, in whiek fev etorte-may be placed ie 
