GAM 
fuch 
lizes : he the conftable negle ith ( 
notice, &c. he fhall forfeit a to each of the {aid inhabit- 
ants; and the conftable fha e allowed the reafonable ex- 
ai 
y 10/. to each of fuch inhabitants, on pain of for- 
ae doch to the faid perfons. 
Every {pecies of gaming or gambling is ftriQly forbidden 
in the Britifh army; and occafionally punifhed with fe- 
-verit 
The bufinefs chance or hazard, on which the laws of 
gammg depend, is of mathematical comiieenoa: inafmuch 
.as it admits of- more, and lefs. It is, or is fuppofed to be, 
an equality of chance, upon which the gamelters fet out: 
this equality is to be broken in upon in the courfe of the 
ave ca bet 
two {hres bear to “Zach other’; which mathematics alone can 
meafure. 
Hence feveral.authors have computed the variety of chance 
in feveral cafes and circumftances that occur in gaming ; for 
a detail of which, and the principles on which the calculations 
are founded, we refer to the article fds ine ee CuHANCEs. 
See alfo #2xprcTatron and ieee 
wes 'T 
of a Fach fron 
pare ae that in Pliny’s time either the ftone muft have 
been faétitious, or. elie fancy eae have been very. far 
firetched to make the refemblanc 
GAMLING, in Geogr py. es a river . aan which 
yuns into the Oder, nine miles S. of Oder’ 
'  GAMLITZ, a town of the duchy e ‘Sta 11 miles 
N.N.W. of M arbur 
GAMMA, or. Cana MATA Ferramenta, an ’ old inftru- 
ment, ufed in Surgery for cauterifing the hydr ocele. It was 
thaped like the Greek letter I, and is mentioned by Paulus 
' /égineta. 
G@AMMACANOR, or GAMMADOUR, in Geography, 
a town of: the ifland of f Bachian, one of the Moluccas. 
in Latin 2 
S bo. ko oS = 
; GAM 
GAMMADIUM, a triangular vedment ufed in the pri- 
mitive churc 
G. 
AMMALAMENA, i in Geogra py 8 a town of the 
e ; ifland of Ternate, the ufual refidence 0 
US, in Natural - Eset an ie genus 
of the cancri or crab tribe in the Fabrician n fyftem, the an- 
tenne of which are pedunculate and very fimple. See article 
ANCER. 
ME, Fr. Gammut, En gl, 0 
oie to the mufical alphabet, or erie of 
practical melody and harmony, 
what the Greeks call the Dia 
the {cale of Guido; that i 
Penge who never faw the Micrologus of ‘Guido, or any 
© Gamma is a title 
s ufed in 
‘ the aa is a bs le or 
Guido ay ee o, by w 
and found correétly the ead of the —— by the fix 
yllables ut, re, mt, fa, fol, ia, according t ail. the ar- 
rangements that can be given them; which is ‘called folmifa- 
tion,’ and which, like the changes on fix bells, admit of 
720 varieties 
The e gammut has he been called /a mano armonica, or the 
harmonic hand, fro uido aving drawn the figure ‘of a 
fens upon the cea of which he has arranged the notes, 
o fhew the relation which the hexachords bear to the five 
ttrachords of the Greeks 
and appears in almoft all the old musical treatifes 
nd Italian, till: the invention of f in France, for 
the anh of the Key of C, which has abolifhed, in that 
kingdom, the’ mutations, a confequently, = harmonic 
hand, ae taught them. e Harmonic 
according to the common opinion, having added a 
schetd in the acute to the diagram of reeks, and a 
found at the bottom 
it by r gamma, the third ie oc ie 
and i letter being found at the Leginnin g of | the {cale, for 
what t reafon does not ie appear, gave birth to the bar- 
mut 
ga 
p the ae fate of the gammut of Guido he exprelfed 
the founds by letters of the alpha . ea :t lines and 
{paces, or mutical characters for time ; beginn 
ing aa _capi- 
tals for the firft oGave, oe for the fecond, a 
nd double 
letters for the third: regory had don a naming: 
the notes called Gregori os modern notation, the {cale 
of Guido would have t the af. 
following appearance, with 
fiftance of tw o different clefs, ae bafe and the treble. 
ee aaeeeeee 
eae a a 
&. ea ens + 
Cc D E F 2 a b & -¢ 
This gammiut, in its whole compafs, was cones of 20 
founds or niste3, that is, of two octaves and a ma jor 
= 
Pers 
At the fyllables for naming the notes in finging, in 
vented Guido oa SoOLMISATION and Hexacuonns), as as 
= Sao be-S= SSE 
d e See bb 4A ce ed a 
ake the fame notes aah for different nS ‘according 
to the progrefs. of t ies he ; and thele changes were 
called mutations ; shack 
But as to the “Syllables a re, tity fay’ fal; la, taken fom a 
