GARDENING. 
lar expreffion, and a eficct. See Preasurz- 
nd. 
Grou 
eee ah ni 
c 
“Prparaton of ae, ‘Soil "The proper performance of this 
depends upon a variety of circumitances, fuch as the na- 
ture of the land, the kind of crop that is to be cultivated, 
and the feafon at which it is put in. After the primary 
operations of clearing and draining have been executed, it is 
generally neceffar down and pana the ‘earth 
nation, as in nidging ny ee See Ripcine 
amd TRENCHING. 
There are other modes that contribute to the produétion 
. the fame effe&t, fuch as the growth of particular forts 
crops, as celery, and thofe of the hee parfnip, beet, 
ae others of the tap-rooted kind : e application of 
ftrong hand-hoes to the a ees ne proper periods, as 
when ie foil hasa difpolition to fal whoina oe lery 
condition, This laft a w i Heit at the e time 
Sine a and d ee roy ant , but the ney 
ad this fhould be conttantly cal ee ea by fuffer- 
none to run to feed in the garden. 
"Cite te advantage may alfo be gained in the view of 
rendering garden ground mellow, by the proper applica- 
tion of fuitable manure. In this view the manure fhould 
avy courfe lumpy, 
enefit might be derived from the ‘fe of a fmall roller upon 
the furface 
How fe advantage is capable of wn derived from the 
refling of the foil in this fort of culture, 1s perhaps not yet 
fully afcertained ; but certain kinds or garden crops are 
commonly fuppofed to grow better on new land than fuch as 
peed been long under cultivation, as thofe of the onion, the 
rrot, e turnip, and the potatoe kinds. Ss dif. 
ae metios of effecting this purpote have been ofed, 
{uch as laying down por tions of garden-ground anmally with 
grain and grafs feeds,. and breaking others up. his can, 
howev er, be only praétifed in large gardens, either with 
convenience or the profpect of face ; and in all cafes mult 
be emp hes with ae cautio 
nother mode is ay enee ie ag to different po age alter. 
nately, as ie on fe o fpits, fo as to hav trefh 
furfaces from the top, middle, a 
‘three years, and letting the future furfaces reft fi 
practice has been recommended by Mr. Walter Nicol. 
‘3 can only be had recourfe to in particular inftances, as few 
gardens admit of three [pits' depth of good foil. Bedides, the 
~ Vou. ¥V- 
expence of performing it affords a confiderable objec- 
tion. 
Succeffion on of Crops. ey is a matter of confiderable im 
y gar the growth of good and 
ne vegetables and ae keeping of the foil in a proper 
ftate of heart, in‘a great meafure, depends upon it. The 
main principle on culien it proceeds is that of never growing 
exhaufting crops io fucceffion ; or letting 
two or three of the fame nature or fort follow each other. 
It is well known to horticulturifts, that under fuch circum- 
{tances they conftantly become deteriorated in quality, ani 
greatly leffened in the quantity of produce. The clofenefs 
of fhade afforded by the plants is alfo another principle that 
fhould be carefully attended to in managing this bufinefs. 
In this practice it has been fuggefted by Mr. London that 
‘ the vegetables cultivated fhould be divided into claffes ac- 
sine to their refpedtive narur. a modes of culture, and du- 
ration.’ tis conceived that in refpeét to natures, they may 
be divided into, 1ft. Such as have ramofe roots, asthe cab- 
bage, cauliflower, brocoli, &c. uch as have fufiform 
oots, as the carrot, beet, parfnip, “Be. 3d. Such as are 
fquamofe, #3 the onion, ce e ae &c. 4th. Such a 
are fibrous, as the | » endive, &c. sth. Such as are 
otatoe, Jerufalem artichoke, &c. y 
are {uppofed capable of further divifion, ‘into fick as par- 
take of two of thefe divifions, as the wae and fibrous, 
exemplified in in the bean, Pee oops Rugoand Hee &e. &c.”” 
The writer adds-that * fome crops re to be cultivated 
in large quantities, as ae turnips, onions ; others in {mall 
portions, as mo and pot-herbs. 
rich foil, and eacally manure previoufly to planting o 
fowing celery, cauliflower, and leeks ; Sik ee a 
tolerably rich foil, but are much 3 injure nure imme- 
lately previous to their inferti » as carrot, os and moft 
efculent roots o fha 
In regard to modes of cultur it is fuggefted that culinary 
vegetables may be diftn nithed “into, rit, fuch as are fown 
upon the furface broadcaft, as onions, turnips, {fpinach, &c. 
2d. Such as are fown or planted on the furface but in drills, 
as peafe, beans, a aa Such as are placed in 
t 
hollow 
egre nio le 
Some are occationally and often cera; eer is it, as 
itra wher 
In ia to duration, it is obferved that fome are fownr 
and removed within three months : as early crops of turnips, 
radifhes, braffica plants, for removal, &c.; others continue 
ouble that time, as onions and Seagri others treble, as 
frequently brocoli and cabbages; fome continue two 
feafons, as parfley, fennel, &c. ; others for feveral years, 
rawberrics, afparapus, artichokes, &c. By atten- 
tively confidering thefe and other diaaons which sa 
fu bjeck admits of, it is fuppofed much advantage may 
gained by the seer ee and appropriate Ree 
ions of crops formed: “ thus celery, by being planted ‘in 
egree 5 by 
hollow tr es pulveriaés ben foil ina ie 
iring a confide sone quantity of manure it enriches it ; 
which pr are nee oe te production of 
plants of large, aes or fafe ae roots, wiich penetrate 
deep into the foil, fick as artichokes, ileal afara 1%, 
&c. Again, tliefe cro ps by long of the Bil 
afford, when removed, an excclleat fituation for fuck as are 
Q mcre 
