GAU 
GAVELLO, in Geography, a town . ae in the Po- 
lefino de Rovi o 3 8 miles S.W. of Adr 
AN, atenant who is liable 1 1 ie 
« Villani de Terring, qui vocantur gavelm Som- 
ner, Gavelkind.- Hence gavel- cae has been fought to be 
land in its nature taxable. 
LMED), the duty or work of mowing grafs, or 
cutting of meadow land, required by. the lord from his 
«© Confuetudo falcandi quz moa 
pS 
gavelmed.’? Som 
GA LOCK, | in Rural Beane, an iron bar or crow 
ufed in sa ftakes, po ofts, &c. iato theearth. It fhould 
have fufficient {ubftance in order . prevent its being bent in 
seal a3 - : pe have a claw at one end for the purpofe 
of wrenching out nails, & 
GAVELRIP, bedreap, or duty of reaping, at pene com- 
mand of the lord—* de confuetadine pega. acras et 
dimid. de gavelrip in autumno 4o fol. e aa 
GAVELWERK, was either nein by the hands 
and a of the tenant, or carr-opera, by his carts or car- 
ria 
&e 
Qe 
GAVENNY, in Geography, a river of Wales, which runs 
into the Ufk, n enny. 
GA nd, waich. forms a communi- 
~ 
VER cotla 
cation Doe loch Lydoch and loch 
a town of France 
the Scheldt, on ie Scheldt 
GAU 
{3 miles E 
ERS, atown of Siletia, in the acwle Nerfie ; 
5 miles W.N.W. of Potfchau 
GAVETA, La, a town of Naples, in Capitanata; 16 
miles S.W. of Manfredon 
GAVETTO, a ee town of Algiers, on the eaft fide - 
of the gulf of Stora. 
GA eo in Ancient Geography, a {mall place 
n the depa tment of 
hen 
Afia, on a plain between the rivers nee us and Bumadus, 
to the north of the place where the difcharges itfelf 
ito the former. This plac a Seg or the battle, called 
ae See Tometne fignifies the fame 
gate, or over-fall to 
ie i p- 62. 
ion gauging-rod, whofe 
Percy aaa ufe fee one ie article Gaucina. 
GAuGE-point of a folid meafure is the diameter cf a circle, 
aa area is equal to the folid content of the fame mea- 
fs 
‘Thus ~ folidit; y cn . wine arog pean 2 3 1 cubic inches: 
f you conceive ac n fo nches, the dia 
meter i it will ie: : I i : er ae will iA the gauge-point 
of wine meafure. 
an ale-gall on containing 282 cubic inches; by the fame 
for poses will be found to be 
anner may the Fa a of 
any other meafure be dete a 
ence we deduce,. ie whee the diameter cf a bors 
n inches is equal to the gauge-point in oa inea 
i t 
u c 
diameter is 17.15 inches, every inch i ht co $ one 
entire gallo im wine-meafure ; and in another, whofe dia- 
meter is 19.15, every inch in length contains only one ale- 
gallon. 
ucE-weir, in Engineery, is a weir or over-fall, out of 
fome refervoir, or pound of a canal, calculated to difcharge 
a given quantity of vara sees for the fupply of mills, or - 
fome other canal. 
ee CAN 
AUGER, an officer appointed Fi the king to gauge, 
GAU 
te be fo examine or meafure, all cafks, ye Pipes barrels, 
iogfheads of beer, wine, oil, &c. an ve them a 
mark of allowance (which j is a circle bur if a an iron } 
ae they be fold in any place within the extent of this 
oO 
Of this officer a his office we have many ftatutes ; thus, 
by 27 Edw. Ge 8. se Neate &e. imported, are e 
gauged the eee gers or their deputies ; 3 by 
31 Edw. Ilf.c. 5. alae wine era gauged, incurs for- 
feiture, or the value : an . VI. c. 15. the gauge 
penny is to paid gages oa gauging wines. The 31 
Eliz. ordains tha beer, &c. imported fhall be gauged by 
the maiter and aan of the Coopers’ company: fee 
12 Car. If. he wardens of the ree aa fhall attend 
o gauge ae upon requeft. 23 Hen c. 4. Gaugers 
may take famples not exceeding half a oe 32 Geo. II. 
c.29. See Lxcise. 
CAUGH NG, our art or aét of meafuring the ca- 
pacities contents all kinds of veffels, and deter- 
mining the quantity of fluids or other matters contained 
rerein. 
ot 
°o 
2 
augir ng is the art of reducing the unknown capacity of” 
veflels of divers forms; ae eg a pad Bd cyincr 
fies idal, conical, fe) isa known cubic meafure ; and 
of comp meres for iaftance, how many galliase aia pints, 
or the ‘like, “of an ¥ liquo r, é. gr. ale, beer, wine, brandy, 
&c. are contained therein. 
Gauging i is ean of ftereomet ry. 
"Phe principal veffels that come under its operation are 
pipes, eae rundlets, and other cafics ; alfo backs, coolers, 
vats, 
Th ae lid peep of cubical, pa cay - and aca 
dl veflels, is is eafily found in cubic inches, o y 
ase ren ee ie area of the bafe by the eds “alti 
d for cylindrical veffels, the fame is found by multi- 
plying oe area of the circular bafe by the perpendicular al- 
ti itude, re. 
Caiks. of the nfual a of hogfheads, kilderkins, &e. 
be oma ee as fegments of a 
. e : ae for meafuring ale and wine cafks, 
sd is thus: add twice the are circle at the 
bun 
t. 
o the area of the circle of the head; multiply the 
fam by. one-third of the length of the cafk, “he product i 
veflel, in cubie inches. 
D 
oO 
pa Dr. Wallis, Mr. Cafwell, &c. agen — mot 
our cafks had better be pirate as ms of para- 
bolic {pindles, which are lefs than the fail {tums of ipke- 
oids of th bafe an aie and the capa- 
city els nearer the tr han either” Oughtred’s. 
method, which fuppofes them {pheroids ; - 
t 
them for i ene cones : oie is Eartheft off of 
he common rule for all wine or ale cafks is to take 
the aianciees at the bung, and at the head, by which 
you may find the area of the circle there; then ‘taking two- 
thirds of the area of the circle at the bung, and sipints of 
the area of the circle at the head, and addin m together _ 
into one fum, this fum, multi lie d by the ees length of 
the calk, gives the content in folid inches; which are con- 
verted into ata by dividing by 282 for ale, and by z 
or wine gallon 
Thereadieft aHies for common ule is to reduce the ars 
