GAU 
' GAVIA, a towa of Spain, in the province of Grenada ; 
four miles 5. .0 renada. 
pen in Ornithology. See Larus and STE 
GAVIAON, the name by which the Portuguele called 
the car a a ee es of Brafilian hawk, of the bignefs of 
eur 
under the belly: it ist binds of 
prey in that part of the ene. and is very voracious and 
— 
VINO, j in . a = of Portugal, in Alen- 
tejo ; 20 miles N.W. 
Gavino, St. a ‘oan a ns oad of Sardinia; 24 miles 
§.E. of Oriftagni 
GAVIOTA, i in Oraithology, the name given by the Por- 
uefe to a water-fowl of the gull kind, common in Brafil, 
and called by the natives guacu guacu. See Larus Hi- 
bernus. 
AUL, or Gatiia, in Ancient Gecgraphy, a country 
Europe, hous ed on the north and weit by the fe ea, On the 
eaft by the Rhine and Alps, and on the feuth by Me- 
fea ee and the Pyrences, and extending . a 30! 
to 52? N. lat., and from m 4° 40! to 8’ 20'E. long. The 
greateft breadth was 6oo Englifh miles, but much diranifhed 
towards each extremity ; and its length was from 48c t 
620 miles. It was therefore much more extenfive ce 
a France, before the late rev ia for to a o- 
min owerful puss ieaud its more 
of tha itt 
sequition of “Aline and Lorr we muft add the ae 
he cantons “Of Switzerland, the four electorates 
of the Rhine, war the territories of ‘Liege, Luxemburg, 
Hainault, Flanders, and Brabant. This extenfive regien 
beyond the Alps, in order to diftingui 
‘Alea or Cif alpina, which lay on the = se a the 
with Rom and pro perly fo rmed a part 
Cif Cast, hich comprehend d Picisnont and orn 
bardy, ted gata,”? from the Roma 
gown or deel nehich was oe by the inhabitants ; ae 
this country was called “ Italia Rear cdl or Italy at 
the foot of the Alps, by Plutarch and Pliny, and fimply 
taly by Polybius. ‘The appellation of Gallia Cifalpina, 
however, was antiquated in the reign of Auguttus, when 
be divided Italy into eleven re gior ns 3 and eee this 
name frequently occurs in authors who flou 
and fearcely oa in thofe who wrote af sid ie ig: 
euftus. As to the boundar this c ntry, 7 extended 
Poa the Alps a the river oe parting it from ‘Tranf~ 
alpi ne bedui to the river Aefis, accordin 
Pliny’s accor ints to the cit Ancona 
hoe. On the north, Cifalpine Gaul was divided from 
Rhetia by the Alps, called « Alpes Rh and from 
Wyricum by the river Pine ; but. on 
of Italy were, Me i 
Arfia in Tftria. 
on 
y: 
°° 
it 
is*) 
ov 
the fouth it reached to the Ligultic 
hended the countries ning at the fox 
ubalpine ae, Gallia Cif. 
eed “ Gallia Cifpadana”’ 
next to Liguria, extending from Trebia to the city of 
Ancona, bounded on the north by the Po and part of the 
GAU 
Adriatic, and on i fouth by the Apennines parting it from 
ia. It was called «* Gallia’? from its inhabitants, and 
na,” becaufe i 
gones, and the Senones. 
rom the countries of the Lepontii, Libicii, a 
which were referred by Strabo and Pliny to the clafs of 
Sabie nations, to the Adriatic fea, and the river Formio,. 
¢ it from 
the Tansbiee Sy 
Euganei, and ive hie etl, and contained many confiderable- 
cities. See Ira 
Lranfalpine Gaul was called “ Comata’’ from the long 
hatr worn by its inhabitants; and the fouth part of it, ta 
feffed by the Romans and called by them ‘ Provincia, or 
Romans. Provincia,’? whence is derived the appellation of 
Provence, was efterwards denominated ‘ Narbonenfis’? and 
Braccata,’’ from the bracca or breeches ufed by the in-. 
habitants. Gaul was chiefly peopled, at different periods 
colonies from Ital which it conti $3 an 
Chriftian era, when the Ro- 
mans meditated the conqueft of this extenfive region, it was 
portioned out a among three great nations.. 
by Cefar Galli or Gauls, 
half viz. from the Seine and the 
and from the upper part of the Rhine to the ae eae 
hi vince was saa! called * rerarne e 
inhabited the territor e lower part of the Rhine. The 
Aquitani were cantoned ver een the Cae the Pyrenées, 
and the bay of Bifcay. When Cefar reduced Gaul into 
the form of a Roman province, he divided the whole country 
into three parts, and named them according to three prin- 
dee sey which he found inhabiting them a 
ie aye and Gallia Propria. w di- 
VIS. 
vifion, oe u d the n fhe abe coanes 
of Aguitania to the BP ine ~The ntry between the 
Loire and the Seine was denon ited « Galha aaa 
and afterwards “ bags - > from acolony fettled a 
Lugdunum, or Lyons. Part of Celtica, contiguous to the 
Rhine, and occupied by the ae and Helvetii, was ad- 
ded to Belgica, the adjacent prevince.. Gallia Narbonenfis 
firit {ubmitted to Roman arms. canton, 
calied ** Viennenfis,’’ in the Alps, maintained. its liberty 
until fome time after the reduction of. G 
not | ong before 
along the Rhine, from Bafil t 
Superior and oes @ 
Superior 
Probus, about tbe § year 278, Cal was divided into feven. 
and the Viennenfis, which 
About the year 392, 
0) 
he Helvetii. 2 
rovi 
e 
or was di- 
dinto “ Prima and Secunda,’ which was alfo the cafe 
The four provinces of the 
Alps, viz. Alpes Pennine, Cpa. Maritim, and Cottiani, 
were 
