= te 
‘Fortgeldis, & de Blodwit tay 
GEL 
the glue from the fin being much ata than the folid ge- 
latin from the horns, finews, or any other part. In propor- 
tion as the glue is more achefive, it becomes lefs eafily folu- 
le in water, and abforbs a te portion before it comes to 
the ftate of tre Mr. Hatchett alfo found, that 
the force of adhefion of glue from fkin was generally propor- 
tionate to the toughnefs of the {kin: the foft flexible {kins 
yielding a thinner gelatin then the hard bony fkins, and with 
much more eafe. Phil. Tranf. ubi fupra. ikin’s Dic- 
tionary of Chemiftry, &c. See GLur, JELLY, IsincLass, 
and Sizz. 
GELATINOUS, is ee to any thing approaching 
the Segoe conliftence of a 
TO, as gare gin freezing, but is alfo ufed 
for that ‘rigidity of the limbs; which comes on in 
the catalepfis, and other diforders of that kind. 
GELBF REUTH, in Geography, a town of oe 
in the principality of Culmbach ; 10 miles $.8.W. fro 
Culmbach. 
=LBUM, a name given by the Hungarian miners to a 
rt of marcafite or mundic, which contains a confi derable 
ana of iilver. 
ELD, or Gitp, in our Ancient Cuftoms, a mulét, or 
compenfation for a crime or delinquency. See Girp. 
Hence wergild was anciently ufed i. the value or price 
of a man flain; and orfgild, of a beaft, &c. 
sé Ft fint quieti de Geldis, & _ Danegel Hor oS 
liwita, & Leirwita, 
‘& Werdpens, & Aver cd, 
ingpeni.”’ Charta Ric. II. Priorat. 
‘2K 
LD foot, Geld ira and Geld wood, fee the fubftan- 
—— 
LDA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, in 
Albania, between’the mouths of the rivers Gherrus and 
Cc afius, in the Cafpian fea. Prtol. 
“GELDENHADR, Gerarn, ia Biography, was born 
at Nimeguen in ui He was educated partly at Daven- 
at Louvain, where he contraéted an inti- 
and eee 3 after this he accepted the 
ea. 
of youth. Erafmus was difpleafed with his change of reli- 
enhaur removed firft to 
Augfburg, and then to Marburg, where he was Bes 
profe efor of hiftory, and afterwards of theology. 
feces in Ae, al 
orations, and 
ich the principal 
we fuse /Etatis, lib. vii.’ 
“ Germanicarum Hiftor.. livatio: 9 Defcriptio Infule 
Batavorum ;”’ “ De viris luftribus Inferioris Germaniz.”” 
Moreri. Bayle. 
GELDER, ARNOLD DE, a fel who was born 
t Dort in 1645. e firft Lecame a 1 diferp le of Hoog- 
rior but afterwards ‘ftudied under Rembrandt, and made 
mafter’s 
& 
ral 
3 
> Fy 
ee! 
7 
~O 
rot 
as) 
‘ 
te 
remain ned two years with him, but 
udents,, attach. himfelf 
‘yo 
r’s pictures only ; he adopted his 
€ y 
een of ftudying from: ae and, like him, made a col- 
TT 
GEL 
ry of a large ate ay hes articles his tafte led him to 
: fue 
wamRaes | in boon. IBURNUM 
aE Ae sade and Virginian. os Spm. 
in led a term by which young 
caftrated horfes are freq ntly known. The term is feldom 
applied to them a er they have ened the age of three 
years. See Canrueri and next article. 
GELDING, ie aa of a g or caftrating any fort 
of animal e of the animal and feafon a the year 
aould be well < are to in the execution of this bufinefs. 
Colt-foals and tup-lambs may be gelded with advantage in 
moft cafes at a very early period of their age, as at a fort. 
night or three weeks after they are dro opped, though fome 
prefer a ae ‘Pen iod for both thefe, ae efpecially for pane 
fale eneral, however, where the paginas is 
formed en the animal fooner recovers 
fuffers much ids check. 
n refpect to feafon, the beft is, when a little inclined to. 
be sie as in the beginning of the fpring and in the 
autum: 
the nfual method of aaa 3 in the performance of 
the bufinefs, “ with foals and ftallions, fir to caft them 
upen fome foft place, ce to take the d¢fles bases the 
foremoit ae the sreat finger, flitt ing open the fcrotum or 
bag with a fharp Lnife for the ofe, and forcing them 
ee in order that they may te Bid ‘hold of by the fin- 
gers, or a pair of {mall nippers made for this < and by 
that means be cut away; the fpermatic veficls being pro- 
perly fecured by ftrong waxed thread ligatures. The cld 
method was to fear the m off by a thin i hot cauterizing 
iron. only thing neceffary afterwards in the firft mo de 
i merely - keep the fides of the ferotum in contact. But 
h way a compoliti on of rofin, wax, anc pal aets 
well ae together, 1 is ufually laid over the parts by means 
of the hot 1 ron. Ww hile uneee this teatnent the animal. 
order 
etimes be neceflary ta take away a little blood. 
if the fheath and belly fhould becom me 7 vollen, difeu- 
a fomentations fhould be frequently applie 
n the gelding of animals of the fheep ng a efs trouble 
is commonly neceffary,. the fhepherd.moftly performing the _ 
bufinefs. See eli ees 
Phny informs us, that the Romans ufed’ to geld their 
horfes, a ecially thofe a they employed upon commca 
and efiic occafions; and geldings, called Caatherii, 
ela a.) were preferred, on account of their calmnets 
temper, to other horfes. ‘The nations of / 
Afia, except the rote never geld their. ee 83 per fome 
kingdoms of Europe have not “yet adopted ies practice.. 
Caftration. ee the animal of 2 confiderable pa of his 
courage 5: robs him, ce Berenger, 
manfhip, vol, i. p. 138.) in part, of his 
d leaves him a mutilated, da caally. and unna 
ame time, makes him mi > Pa 
uently 7 ter for ese ‘pur: 
to man ae T’o this ptrpofe 
pofes, and more agreeable urpo 
which, “indeed, 
was 
Strabo obferves, (1. 7.) that. laa. 
