GEM 
GELONUM, a town of ay 5 es Sarmatia, fuppofed 
by Ortelius to be different from Gelonu 
' GELONUS, a town of- Sc. in the country of a 
the Budini, which, according to Her odotus, was altogether 
built of wood: its walls, which were hi¢h, and on eac 
fide 30 ftadia in length, were conftructed : 
allo te houfes and temples. 
zr port of Afia, in Caria. 
GELOSCOPY, Genoscopia, of yzAwe, laughter, and 
éxorew, LI confider, a kind of divination, drawn from laugh- 
ter; ora knowledge of any perfon’s 7 and qualities, 
acquired from the confideration of his lau 
Pas nor ae 
labia which i is itfelf taken from Gelfe CMLINOy th 
rd for jafmi eae sa genu 
non a Pnpervrens 
pie i ie gi akin to 
his order of Apotinees and which is very probably diftin & 
from Bignonia; but we have not, any more than himfelf, 
fufficient materials to make out _ full characters. 
figured in Catefby’s Carolina, v. 1. t. 53, is an ele 
climbing fhrub, with {mooth, prance le leaves, and 
pat funnel-thaped, yellow flowers, See Bienonia, 
n. 3. 
GELT, in Geography, a river of England, which runs 
into the Irting; about a mile S.E. of Brampton, in Cumber- 
“GELUD DA, a ees = stateakas in the circar oe 
Kotta; 40, miles D 
an “Mand i sie Mediterranean, near the 
deat of "Tripoli fo called _ the Spaniards. See Grrsa. 
Pes a » in Ancient Geography, a river of Italy, i in 
pulia. 
GELZO, in Geography, a {mall ifland in the North 
fea, near the coaft of Norway. N. lat. 69’ 30! 
» a ety which, in its large acceptation, denotes 
only al ones as are valued for their egal 
ee ts wanipareey, _ vardnefs, and confequent dur 
ut has bee ended to feveral foft ad opaqne 
$ 
fee this word fometimes in the 
f thofe precious {tones are 6 be 
he ancients ate often apply the sl name 
rent nature, and ftill more fre- 
the ame ftone 
nc 
the conveniency of ee 
Pliny undertook to colle& all the 
names, and every word that .has been faid before him on the 
mineral fubftances to which they were applied; a tafk 
an iron ore, ed adamas, 0 
ciently fabulous, nna . he true diamond, which latter 
happened to be kn e fame appellation. But in- 
< th 
dependently of co ‘confution of names and ideas, both 
VoL. XV. 
cl 
of wood, as were 
or 
» in Botany, aba x tee ae corrupted gul 
e 
mineral fubftances were confoun ded b 
GEMS. 
Pliny’s account of gems, and that of his commentators, and 
of the earlier writers on this ubje&, are a tiffue of fable 
nd fuperftition ; and though thetr ridiculous notions of the 
occult castes and miraculous power with which all pre. 
re endowed, may afford m 
e 
s out external characters 
to be found ee the fel mad deen other from tranfparency, 
weight, &e. ae 
sa whe 
cious . 
no means chim ong the pe was no lefs 
omen a a philo ofo Pier tha Boyle, who publifhed a treatife 
on the origin and virt gems, the object. of which is 
ticular off ac 
a 
° 
peculiar nature of the im hee ating liquor, the proportion 
in piles it is mixed with the petelent juice, &c. up- 
s hypothefis of the virtues of » Boyle thews, 
te feveral of them are not fale i eines of any petref- 
cent liquors, but that they confift alfo of other mineral ad- 
acco arts 5 ha he argues from the feparablenefs 
in fome ftones, the f{pecific gravity m 
di ee waters or tinctures to be met with 
e fame fpecies, as rubies, fapp hires, pnts 
and even eaten ; of which laft fome are yellow, fome of 
other colours. fe and other reafons, 
a 
iy 
Fa 
a 
A 
a) 
wn 
: the prefent advanced ftate o 
fufficient force to re-introduce into ane the Eledua- 
rium e gemmis, confeGio byacinthis, or any other of the 
any celebrated compofitions of this kind with which the 
pi Z ng our forefathers endeavoured to ward off the 
ftroke of death. 
But a muft appear particularly inconfequent i : that 
in the very period when every thin is great a 
wae 
among the naturalifts and phyficians pofleffed 
ous {tone was fo very ‘flight, that the mofts he 
opper 
wasa{cribed to gems, the {cientific knowledge stich th a 
of . 
