GEMS. 
are now looked upon as tefere, for the diftribution of money 
"The uaa appear to have received the mechanical part 
of engraving on hard ftones from the Egyptians ; but the 
ea it before the Greéks: they had, in the manner of 
t ns tens ftones cut into {carabei. But though they 
received this art from that ancient people, their engraved 
ftones bear a pee character both with regard to the art 
Many ftones confidered as 
from the religious fyfte 
’ given, as characteriftics Of Ee ufcan iis the granular bor- 
der which furrounds the engraving, the sant pee - the fi- 
gures, the form of the letters, the mode of writing, the 
wings given to thofe deities which the Greeks Sees: with- 
ays accompanied 
e 
t productions of Grecian art. 
principal ftones in ae volte ft ityle, with infcriptions, are, Ata- 
lanta, publifhed .in Millin’s “ Monumens inédits ;’? Peleus 
dipping his hair into a water bafin, which Winkelmann fup- 
a to  reprefent, the river aherhavig while, Ate TS to 
Hev1 12. 
rubbing his body with a ftrigilis : this is Vifconti’ 8 ic 
cation, who confiders it as a copy of the A enos, a 
eautiful fame of Polycleta, reprefenting a man in that at- 
a on the other ar eed oe in 
g a dart out of his fo us thun- 
derftruck on he: walls of Thebes. “he 
ef Aidon = according to Bu oo 
his attitude reffes his ene to Scyro 
Lycomedes ee ped him froma teh Perfeus, holding 
in one hand the head of Mcdufa, and in the other, the fword 
with which he has cut it off, aaa es ees on his kne- 
mides, fo often mentioned by arrying aw 
the body of Patroclus. He ae carr aie of the “ane 
eae with wings, as daughter of Nemetis. 
reek engravers of gems, who, according to Millin 
(the firk author who has attempted to claffify the engravers 
of antiquity, and whom we follow as the beft guide in this 
part of the Loe png: veel be fuppofed to have 
a ae before t age exander, are, Theode ore 
of Samos, who, as a are is faid to have 
et Ge famous emerald of Polycrates, and to whom 
Pliny attributes the invention of the lat “eo fa- 
r 
ther of Pythagoras; nothing remains o 
Heius oo we poflefs of him a Diana Venstrix, drefled 
in a lon he dry manner, the ftiffnefs Tad incohe- 
ng r 
rence of re lines compofing the ed sig border round the 
engraving, have induced baron St o. look upon Heius 
as a very ancient artift. Winkelmann confer the H as an 
afpiration. . thinks the name a trifyllable.— 
hrygilus ‘@rrrr AOE) Cupid d iffued fro rom an egg.— Tha- 
mytus Peay : Stofch fuppofes him to be a contempo- 
rary of Diofcorides, and oo his ee we poffefs of 
at 
Alexander to that o 
om when 
font 3 in the duke of Malborough’s colleGion. 
tions a beautiful head of a Hercules,, with the letters AA. 
"The letter » in his name is of a form pofterior to the age of 
Rafpe mentions a five gem, jy aoe a 
can and Achilles, with Adm name ved oO 
but it is modern, and ae the oe: of Nice sted 
- prefentin “a marriage of 
P ice a lage 
lonides (ATTOAAQNIAOT) : Pliny has quoted kim as & 
great artift. ot: i 4 
a Hunn sna e a cow ae ig 
vonfhire 
difciple of ene ae “of t 
— about the exer capt We have of him 
medes carrying off the palladium. This work is not 
pee in the flyle of the a8 in which it is fuppofed to 
have been executed, and perhaps the name of this artift, 
ar) 
po 
this engraving is a copy of one tues, —Pyrgote- 
les (IYPTOTEAHE eErorel). Apelles alone was permitted 
to paint Alexander ; Lyfippus to caft his image in bronze s 
and Pyrgoteles had the privilege to engrave his portrait. 
We poficis, under the name of Pyrgoteles, a puine {aid to 
ther of Phocion ; tt a names. 
. The name of Phoe ‘on, indeed, 
o an engraver of a head which was taken 
for that of the celebs ated Athenian ; and afterward another 
hand has — the name of a mafter ftill more celebrated, 
namely, that of Pyrgoteles.—Tryphon (TPTOQN), author 
of the beautiful Cam Pa, In the i ough collection, re- 
Cupid cos Pfyche. 
vell afcertained by an epigram of A 
poet, who “ng annie d under the kings of Macedonia, fuc- 
ceffors of Alexander : the funjecé Ce the epigram was 
an intaglio of Tryphon in an oriental beryi—Chronius 
(XPQNIOY ), oe ftanding ; a figure which has been 
fince sd nae ed by Onefas and All Pliny, placing 
the of this Pee oe —e veen thofe of Pyrgoteles and 
Apollonies, has probably followed the chronological 
and this is all by which we may determine the 
mafters of the age of Auguftus are Quintus Alexa 
NTOC AAEZACTIOICI). Two regs = oe on 
sfiagment with the name of ‘the artiit. Vet Brac-. 
ve publifhed this ftone with ate body el he 
K nemides, a Jind of half-boots, with which the legs are 
furnifhed, | conjecture that the figure 
was an Achilles. —Ccemus or Ccenus (KOIMOY, KOINOY) 3 
we have, with this name, a naked Adonis and a faun celebra- 
ti —Agathopus (ATA@OTIOTC ENOIET). 
He has engraved the head of an unknown Roman. (See 
Epitynchanus. )—Aulus (AYAOY) ; Stofch has publithed 
five gems with this name; Bracci has given twelve, and 
the name of Aulus 
T 
lus ; Bracci 
goes flill farther, and acknowledges fix different artifts of 
that name. Among the engraved ftones bearing the names. 
thofe conlidered 4 as authentic are, a Roman knight running, 
iana, one of /R{culapius, a head 
as Ab ibrary 
Thefe oe are figured by Stof Seven others, added by 
ike are Venus playing with Capic. and balancing a wand 
n her finger 5 3 Cupid tied toa ear 3 a win Cupid 
fettered, diggin the ground ; 
fo] 
Fr 
ee) 
2) 
at 
) 
faq 
3 
OQ 
a € 
) 
*t 
ulus are owing to h 
been fre eqque ay - on engrav one 
nothing but copies of his works. indee 
fEf{culapius of the Mufeo Strozzi with the other intaglios 
attributed to say a it is — to think that they ‘were exe- 
cuted by t nejus (CNAIOC ) ; a man come 
out of the as anes the itrigilis; Diomedes carrying 
away the palladium; a young Hercules; an unknown head 
