GEN 
the fourths in ancient mufic were never allowed to deviate 
from perfeCtion. 
_ The different genera were therefore characterized by the 
changes made in the two middle founds of the tetrachords, 
that were ftiled mobiles, mutable 
In the diatonic genus, the melody proceeded by a femi- 
‘tone, and two tones, as BC CDE SSaae ; 
and i it was from the fucceion of two pee that this genus 
m 3 the 
e term is derive 
affin ¢ from one tone 
a 
oO 
Cec 
— proceded by two fucceffive femitones, 
and a hemidito or minor third, as BCC x 
This modulation holding the mid- 
——— 
dle. place between the diatonic sie ~~ rmonic, has been 
fuppofe ee aki eee 
in his Dictionary, that this genus ufed t o be 
coloured notes, but withost giving any renee in fupport 
of this opinion 
ee ibaemonie tetrachord proceeded by two quarter 
tones, anda major third, BBxCE za 
This genus is s often called by Ariftoxenus, and others, imply 
L2fLOVb Ly sis ia, that is, well arranged and ordered. 
riftoxenus tells us, that the divifions and bounds of the 
genera were not accurately fixed till his time ; and Ariftides 
(Quintana {peaks of feveral genera, or {pecies of intervals, 
which were of the higheft ay a he yet fo wild and irre- 
reater 
no fame ened 
fae Plato (eae in fie Republic, where he admits fome 
of them, and rejects‘others 
The ancients attributed peculiar effets to each genus, 
ions of genera, 
by modern harmony. 
‘us, tha 
: The diatonic is manly and auttere ; 
* "The chromatic {weet and pathetic ; 3 and | 
The enharmonic animating and mild. 
Vitruvius, fpeaking of the enharmonic, fays, that it is in 
a‘particular manner grave and majeftic. ‘‘ Cantus ejus maximeé 
gravem, et egregiam habet auctoritatem.”’ 
Perhaps the idea of a major-key, which the enharmonic 
y have contributed t to 
known to Penn ee been loft Te ahey ate 
ar ee the oe ¢ 
d Plat aren in ti firft Effay againft Colotes, the 
Epi curean, afks, “¢‘ Why does the chromatic genus melt and 
c. 
GEN 
fubftantives. 
GEN 
oF and the enharmonic brace the nerves, and compofe 
mind, after being difturbed 
Ariftides Quintilianus, in spother placé, (p. 1g. Edit. 
Meibom.) fays of the ae that the diatonic is the moft 
natural, beceule all who have ears, though uninftr ruéted in 
mufic, are capable of finging it. 
he chromatic is more aa for it can be fung sale 
by fuch as are adepts in mufic. 
The enharmonic is fe moft refined and difficult of all, 
and has ‘een received and praétifed only by the gre reateft 
artifts. e Ennarmonic and Music of "he Wen 
GENERAL, compen 3 that competence ail, or eX 
tends to a whole genus, or kin 
All the fciences have fome general principles, or axioms. 
General councils i nae called cecumenical, 
affizes, averment, council, demu 
ENERAL em. Tes 
diet, fee-tail, pan ae ‘be yy impar. rte “iffur, 
gravity, 
legacy, nature, occupancy. the feveral ee 
GENER cers, i n Army yy are ie ‘do not 
oy eee over si ngle comp:ny, or nee but 
and authority extend over a body of feveral , 
regiment of horfe and fo 
uch ar peels eae maa major- 
a , sania of the horfe, and of the All officers 
above ank of lieutenant-colonel a ed gene 
officers. See GeyeraL, below ali PAYMASTER- 
general, Cae. general, Musrenwastan-genral &e. 
and Pay. 
We have alfo officers in law, in the revenues, &c. d 
uifhed by the appellation of general: as attorney-general, 
icmp ae &c. receiver-general, compels aa. 
iin 
NERAL paufe, qualities, —feffions, fratutes, tail. _ See the 
ENERAL terms or words, are fuch as exprefs or denote 
‘general ideas. 
Ideas become general, by ae from them the cir- 
cumftances of time , place, 0 r any other ideas that may de- 
termine them tc this or that particular exiftence. 
sy this way of‘abftraCtion they become capable of repre- 
enting more individnals than one; each o _— having a 
conformity to that ak — is of that for 
All things, Mr. Loc er ia that exitt, “being ‘ina 
culars, it might be ec that words fhould be to too 
their fignification ; but we find it aoe contrary ; fer m 
of the words that make all languages, are gener ral terms. 
This is the effect of reafon and neceffity: for, 1. It is 
impoffible that every particular thing hould have a difting 
peculiar name ; becaufe it is impoflible to have difting ideas 
of every particular thing, to retain hoa name with its peculiar 
appropriation to that idea. 2. ould be ufelefs, unlefs 
all = be eel to have the fame ideas in their minds : 
mes applied to particular things, whereof one alone 
has ae ideas in his mind, could not be fign nificant, or intel- 
ligible to another, who is not acquainted with all thofe 
particular things which had fallen under his notice. 
oe 
which, though founded in particular things, enlarges ittelf 
‘by general views, to which things reduced into forts under 
general names, are properly fubfervient. 
n things where we have occafion to confider and difcourfe 
of individuals and particulars, we ufe proper names: as in 
perfons, countries, cities, rivers, mountains, &c. 
The firit ideas children get are only particular ; 3 as thofe 
of the nurfe, or m 
rwards, obferving that 
there are a great many other ie in the world that re. 
fernb 
