Freezing-Points and the Freezing-Point Methods. 483 



the values O'OOSO min.-', 00029 min - 1 , 0*0032 min.-', 



0-0033 min." 1 , 0-0030 min.-', 0-0033 min." 1 ). For K, 



assuming the overcooling to he equal 1°, we put the minimum 



value 6. From the above table is to be seen that the difference 



C (t —t") 

 between the real and apparent freezing-temperature fr~ 



JV to ' Coo 



obtains different values according to the temperature of the 

 ice-bath, of the room, and to the number of stirring movements 

 in the unit of time. 



From the values ^ \f —. in the above table, it follows 



Xv \t t ov ) 



that the absolute values of the obtained freezing-temperatures 

 can be easily made so accurate as to be affected by errors 

 smaller than '00005° to '0001° if the convergence-temperature 

 is determined with an accuracy to *1° or *2° and t g —t' is '1° 

 or '2°. 



Again, from the values of ^ ( -^ — £- \ in the above table we 



-tv \ t t ov / 



have that in the method I use the obtained freezing-temperatures 

 for one and the same liquid by repetition of the experiment, as 

 well as the real and apparent freezing-point depressions, cannot 

 differ one from another by more than "00005° to '0001°, as 

 far as the equilibrium in the heterogeneous system is concerned, 

 since K>6. 



B. When the Convergence Temperature is below the Freezing 

 Temperature. 



Table IV. 



2 



<u 

 H 



a 



o 

 o 



21°-5 



17-17°-5 



40-45 



ca. 35 



-22 c 



2°-0 



C" (t g -f ) 



O to — ton. 



00031 



15 



(-0°-l) 



•0°'o6o32 



00031 



(-0°-l) 



15 



-0° : 00002 



Q"(fr-V) 



c" (fr-V) 



Vj to — tov 



O to — to, 

 when t q — *y|when tg—tq' 

 =0°-l. =0°-2. ' 



V„2«»<ro 



15 



o°-6obo2 



15 



0°-00006 



0" (tg-tg ) 



O to — tov 



when tg — tg 



=0°3. 



00031 



(0°-3) 



