4.28 Dr. C. R. A 



.. Wright on the Relations between 



Affinity-values. 



Number of 

 additional 

 Hsymbols. 



Difference of 

 affinity- 

 values. 



Acetylene —506 



Acetone +599 



Carbon dioxide.. 956 



Ethylene —5*5 



f Isopropylic alcohol be- "1 

 { tween +637 and +86-2 J 



Formic acid ... 97'2 



2 +451 



9 jBetween +3*8 



and +26-3 

 2 + 1-6 



When they differ only in O symbols, the one with more 

 symbols has a higher affinity-value than the other. 



Affinity-values. 



Number of ^.^ , 

 additional 1 ^ence of 

 symbols. affinity -values. 



Hydrogen... 

 Marsh-gas... 21-7 

 Ethylene ... — 5 5 

 Amylene ... +10-3 

 Acetone ... 59-9 



Water 57*9 



1 + 57-9 



1 + 317 



2 +1155 

 2 +139-2 



i | +m 



Methylic alcohol 53-4 



Acetic acid 1100 



Valeric acid 1495 



Methyl acetate .. 87-0 



It is manifest, however, that but little stress can be laid on 

 these conclusions. As the operation termed " methylation " 

 produces opposite effects according as it is hydroxylic or hydro- 

 carbonous, and as the same probably holds in the case of the 

 operation indicated by the replacement of H 2 by 0, it is clear 

 that the addition of a C, H, or symbol to one part of a for- 

 mula or to another may represent a different operation in each 

 case respectively, and hence may not always correspond to the 

 same kind of heat-disturbance. 



43. The foregoing calculations lead to the conclusion that the 

 different positions with respect to one another occupied by the 

 various constituent radicals in a dissected formula indicate not 

 only differences in chemical reactions and physical properties, 

 but also correlative differences in the amounts of work performed 

 or gained in the formation (under constant conditions) of the 

 substances thereby indicated from those forms of matter conven- 

 tionally termed their constituent elements, and hence indicate 

 differences in the amount of what may be conveniently termed 

 the Intrinsic Chemical Energy possessed by the substances in 

 question, i. e. the energy present in forms other than those due 

 to physical state, temperature, or states of electrification, magne- 

 tization, mechanical motion, &c. 



The atomic hypothesis being admitted (that matter is made up 

 of indestructible indivisible fragments of matter of at least some 

 sixty-five essentially different kinds, which when associated 

 together into groups form molecules of various kinds^ every ho- 

 mogeneous body being made up of a large number of such mo- 



