guldenstadt’s redstart. 
5 
men in the Leutchtenbergstein collection. The following 
is also Count Miihle’s description: — ‘‘The old male in 
the spring has a very pretty and well-pencilled plumage. 
The whole surface of the head to the nape of the neck 
is of a brilliant satin white; the mantle, wings, flanks, 
cheeks, throat, and upper part of the chest, deep vel- 
vet black; the whole under part of the body, under 
wdng coverts, rump, and tail, a lively fox red; on the 
deep black Avings, and where the feathers are almost 
imperceptibly edged Avith a greyish tint, there is a 
great white mirror-like spot extending from the third 
to the tenth feathers. The secondaries have in the 
middle of the inner colours a Avhite, though not an 
equally-conspicuous spot. The second primary is like 
the seventh, the third like the fifth. Beak black, Avith 
stiff black hairs round the angle of the mouth ; throat 
yellow; iris broAvn; the tolerably long feet are black. 
After the autumn moult the plumage is much plainer. 
The female has the colours of the under Aving 
coA’erts and tail like the male, but paler; the AAdiole 
body is brownish, ash grey; on the under part of the 
body and about the sides lighter; under tail feathers 
rusty. 
The unknoAvn young birds we must suppose to be 
similar to other “Bothlings,” clear spotted and streaked. 
Figured by Heinrich Graf Von der Milhle, in his 
“Monog. der Europ. Syl\'ien.” 
