508 Geological Society. 



paratively few evidences of glaciation were met with. Roches 

 moutonnees and rounded hills are absent, and only in the two 

 valleys separating Cape Flora from Cape Gertrude were the rocks 

 planed, scratched, and polished. 



Some of the landscape-features, including the separation of the 

 group into individual islands, are attributed to marine action 

 following lines of fault. 



The paper concludes with observations on soundings, the tempe- 

 rature of glaciers, the size of icebergs, and the finding of reindeer- 

 antlers by Mr. Leigh Smith and the members of the Jackson- 

 Harms worth Expedition. 



4. ' Notes on Rocks and Fossils from Franz Josef Land brought 

 home by Dr. Koettlitz, of the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition, in 

 1897.' By E. T. Newton, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S., and J. J. H. Teall, 

 Esq., M.A., F.R.S., V.P.G.S. 



In this communication an analysis of the basalt is given, which 

 compares closely with those of basalts from Iceland. The silicifi- 

 cation of the rocks, presumably by geyser action, the presence of a 

 black analcime, pebbles of radiolarian chert, and crystals of selenite, 

 probably formed in situ in shale, are also described. 



Notes are given on some of the fossil plants, on the drift-wood, 

 and on apparently new species of Jnoceramus and Belemnites. 



5. ' On the Corallian^Rocks of Upware.' By C. B. Wedd, Esq., B.A. 

 The opinion usually held that the 'Coralline Oolite' of the northern 



quarry at Upware is of older date than the 'Coral Rag' of the 

 southern quarry, gains support from the work detailed in this paper, 

 although the results of recent excavations show that a rock of 

 different lithological character from that of the northern quarry 

 probably underlies the rocks of the southern quarry. 



A list of the fossils found in the lowest beds of the southern quarry 

 includes eleven species not yet found in the ' Oolite ' of the northern 

 quarry ; a second list comprises the fossils found just below the 

 ' Rag ' in the Oolite of the southern quarry. Both these faunas are 

 intermediate between those of the ' Rag' of tbe southern and the 

 ' Oolite ' of the northern quarry. 



During the deepening of a well less than | mile north of the 

 northern quarry, fossils identical with those of the northern quarry- 

 were found ; the lowest rock enclosed lumps and streaks of bluish- 

 black clay, as though the Oxford Clay were not far underneath. 

 From this excavation and other evidence, the author considers that 

 the ' Oolite ' can hardly be less than 40 feet thick, and that this 

 rock is geologically below the ' Rag ' of the southern quarry. 



Excavations at the southern end of the ridge and south of the 

 southern quarry show that beds containing the ' Rag ' fauna are 

 conformably underlain by a rock 16 feet thick, identical with the 

 4 Elsworth Rock ' both in lithology and fossils. The discussion of 

 the fossils from this rock and that of Elsworth itself indicates that 

 ' there is no longer any palaaontological evidence for correlating it 

 with the Lower Calcareous Grit rather than with higher beds.' 



On the whole, the author is in favour of the view that the 

 ' Oolite ' of the northern quarry is the lateral equivalent of the 

 Elsworth Rock seen in the excavations south of the southern quarry. 



