410 HOT SPRINGS. 



a small cataract, and walked about two miles through very 

 fertile gardens to the seam, which we found to be in one 

 of the feeders of the Lofubu, called Muatize or Motize. 

 The seam is in the perpendicular bank, and dips into the 

 rivulet, or in a northerly direction. There is, first of all, 

 a seam ten inches in diameter, then some shale, below 

 which there is another seam, fifty-eight inches of which 

 are seen, and, as the bottom touches the water of the 

 Muatize, it may be more. This part of the seam is about 

 thirty yards long. There is then a fault. About one 

 hundred yards higher up the stream, black vesicular trap 

 is seen, penetrating in thin veins the clay shale of the 

 country, converting it into porcellanite, and partially 

 crystallizing the coal with which it came into contact. 

 On the right bank of the Lofubu there is another feeder 

 entering that river near its confluence with the Muatize, 

 which is called the Morongozi, in which there is another 

 and still larger bed of coal exposed. Farther up the Lo- 

 fubu there are other seams in the rivulets Inyavu and 

 Makare ; also several spots in the Maravi country have 

 the coal cropping out. This has evidently been brought to 

 the surface by volcanic action at a later period than tho 

 coal-formation. 



I also went up the Zambesi, and visited a hot spring 

 called Nyamboronda, situated in the bed of a small rivulet 

 named JNyaondo, which shows that igneous action is not 

 yet extinct. We landed at a small rivulet called Moko- 

 rozi, then went a mile or two to the eastward, where we 

 found a hot fountain at the bottom of a high hill. A little 

 spring bubbles up on one side of the rivulet Nyaondo, and 

 a great quantity of acrid steam rises up from the ground 

 adjacent, about twelve feet square of which is so hot that 

 my companions could not stand on it with their bare feet. 

 There are several little holes from which the water 

 trickles; but the principal spring is in a hole a foot in 

 diameter and about the same in depth. Numbers of 

 bubbles are constantly rising. The steam feels acrid in 



